Engaging Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Engaging - Term Paper Example Every one of us has free time which we could donate to a Children Hospital ward. The kids to whom we read simple stories and/or expectant mothers whom we advised not to take the drugs that the doctors prescribed to them since they would give birth to children suffering from Neonatal abstience Syndrome may have not shown gratitude, but each boon we gave strengthened the pillars of the world. Even if the expectant mothers did not thank us for our gift, the gift we gave them is upholding the foundation of the universe. Whereas our gift and the beneficiaries should be considered, our reward, once decided on, should be without concern, brimful one minute and over and done the next. Hence, our intention was to dispense charity rather than philanthropy (Timothy 1-25) We live in a world in which, in effect, children at the children hospital ward and/or mothers at the children hospital ward need more charity or the moral equivalent of it are ubiquitous, and thank to the existence of system of organizational aid already in place, we are for all time in the position of being better placed to act to save some of the many individuals whose lives are at stake. The rationale that we hold on to that we are supposed to donate our few hours or minutes to a children hospital ward, though through, generalizes and becomes a standard of beneficence that could be called the principle of sacrifice. However, moral limitation of a deontological of variety might restrict the ethical demands of beneficence. For instance, when we donated our time by visiting the children hospital and helping out the expectant mothers by giving them the advice that they should not take the drugs prescribed to them: we had confined ourselves to circumstances in which whatever ethical r estriction there are did not have a bearing on our circumstance. But the concern was how we were going to use resources we legitimately

Bibilical Illusions With The Novel Cry Essay Example for Free

Bibilical Illusions With The Novel Cry Essay Biblical reference within the story Cry the Beloved Country Many times in literary pieces, allusions are put in novels, used to foreshadow the ending of a book. The most common types of allusions are those from the bible. This is probably because many are familiar with the bible and its stories. The goal of foreshadowing is to provide a way for the reader to think more about the big picture, rather than what is happening page by page. In the novel, Cry the Beloved County, allusions to the Bible are very apparent and hold high significance in the story. The character Absalom shows tremendous similarities to the Biblical Absalom and almost seem to be made out of the same mold. Steven Kumalo from the novel and the simple man Job from the bible are tested in the same way and come out in the end in the same way. Biblical Absalom is essentially wronged by his half-brother Amnon, when his half brother forced his sister Tamar to sleep with him. Similarly Absalom Kumalo is wronged by his fathers, brothers, son, Matthew, when he will not admit to the court that he was an accessory to murder. Basically, both are wronged by a close family member, Biblical Absalom by his brother, and Absalom Kumalo by his cousin. In both stories, though not shown in depth, the men show a close trusting relationship with the one whom have wronged them. Before Amnon slept with his sister Tamar, Biblical Absalom would have no reason not to trust his brother, just as Absalom Kumalo would not doubt his cousin whom aided him in the murder. Later on, both men find out that, Amnon and Matthew are in it for themselves, not unlike both Absaloms. Absalom Kumalo shot Arthur Jarvis with the intentions of becoming richer. Even though Biblical Absalom killed his brother for sleeping with his sister, with Amnon dead, Absalom would inherit his fathers throne. (Bible p372-380) (Ward pp.188-189) In retrospect, both men were ultimately driven to commit the murder. Absalom Kumalo probably felt that if a white man can underhand him, and deny him money, then he deserves some of his fortune. So because whites men, kept blacks unskilled and did not allow them the same rights, many rebelled against the whites. In the same frame of mind, biblical Absaloms hatred for his brother was built up until he decided to go through with his murder. Even though Absalom Kumalo shot the white man on accident, he was doing it for his own gain. He went into the  house with the intention of stealing and instead shot a white man out of fear. Though it may seem that he regretted what he had done, which he in some ways did, his crime could not be fully repented. More than anything he probably wishes for Arthur Jarvis to be alive. He doesnt feels bad about killing him, he simply does not want to deal with the consequences. Biblical Absalom plans out the murder of his brother when he has him over for dinner. Neither men regret killing a man that was as family to them. (Bible p372-380) (Davis p184) Biblical Absalom murdered his brother Amnon for raping his sister Tamar two years earlier. Absalom Kumalo, on the same note, accidentally murdered a white man, while attempting to rob him. Absalom Kumalo, like biblical Absalom essentially murdered his own brother. Arthur Jarvis, the man Absalom Kumalo shot, was like a brother to the black men. He devoted his life to make a difference in blacks rights in South Africa. For both men, the act of murder on their part, ultimately led to their own demise. Biblical Absalom killed his brother Amnon and when king David found out that Absalom had indeed killed his brother Amnon. After the murder, both men flee the scene. Absalom Kumalo, runs because the price for killing a white man is high. Biblical Absalom flees because he also knows, that if he stays, hash consequences will be enforced. (Bible p372-380) Eventually, both man are captured and die in an unusual manner against both their fathers wishes. Absalom Kumalo is hung for his crime, so as to set an example. Though, the hanging of Absalom is not so strange in itself, its almost foretold in the biblical story of Absalom. After biblical Absalom flees his home on a horse, his head gets caught in a tree while passing under. This act is almost too familiar. As biblical Absalom dies with his body off the ground, struggling to get down, Absalom Kumalo dies with his head in a noose, and body dangling above the ground. (Bible p372-380) (Davis p184) In the bible, Job is developed as a man whom would never speak ill of god. Job is tested by Satan, who believes that Job will curse God if his prosperity is taken away. Satan kills Jobs children and all of his livestock, but Job does not lose his faith. Satan then takes away Job health by planting boils all over his body. Job eventually become very disappointed with his life and curses the day he was born. This is a classic example of how no man is perfect and when  Steven was introduced into Cry, the Beloved Country, he seemed to strive for perfection just as Job had in the bible. Job in theory seemed perfect but, Satan proved Job not to be, just as Stevens family proved him not to be. (Davis pp.265-272) (Bible p572-600) When brought into the story, both Steven and Job seem to be perfect and upright men. Steven, as a simple black parson and Job, as a upright man whom has shown no flaws. Though Stevens flaws are shown early on the novel, Cry, the Beloved County, he is still seen as a good man. Both men are examples of how bad things sometimes happen to good people. They both try to be the best men they can be, by fixing others mistakes and trying to be good people. Job offered burnt offerings to god everyday for his children who may have cursed god in their hearts and Steven prayed everyday to repent the sins of others and his own. The main thing that made these men eligible to lose so much, was because they had gained so much earlier in life. Though Steven want a rich man, he was far better off than any man in his village, and Job was a very prosperous man and looked well upon by god. (Davis pp.265-272) (Bible p572-600) Since Job was thought so highly of by God, he was tested by Satan in order to see if he would lose his faith. Steven Kumalo is tested in the same way as Job. Steven receives a letter from a priest informing him with the news that his sister, Gertrude, is sick. He leaves his normal life in the valley and travels to the city, with the intentions of bringing her home. When he arrives there, he is confronted with the horrifying news that she is selling herself to men. Steven goes in search of his son Absalom, and eventually finds him. Absalom had shot a white man and is sentence to be hung. Everything that went on in Jhonnaneburg hurt Steven and just like Job, he is tortured to the point where he will break if anything else were to happen. (Bible p572-600) (Ward p.222) In the end, though both men had lost practically everything they cared about, Steven his son and sister, and Job all his children and his prosperity, but then things got significantly better. Steven loses a son but gains a daughter carrying baby, and his sister Gertrudes son. Job loses all his children but gains ten new children and all his livestock back. Its an interesting coincidence how both men lose their child or children, but as they regain faith, new children are restored to them. (Davis pp.265-272)  (Bible p572-600) Paton used the name Absalom as an allusion in the story. His goal was probably to allow people to see into the future of Absaloms mortality. When I first read the story of Absalom, I didnt any definite similarities but as the stories start intertwining, I understood why he used the name Absalom for Stevens son. Absalom in general was a greedy boy, who really thought he deserved more and makes the mistake of killing a man which ultimately leads to his own death. Job and Steven, on the other hand, are generally men who strived to be good men. They were tested with their faith and both men failed, but they do gain their faith back, and their happiness along with it.

The Facts About Educational and Roth IRA’s Essay -- essays papers

The Facts About Educational and Roth IRA’s In 1997 great things came into play for the taxpayers. The Tax Reform Act of 1997, which was inacted by the IRS, allowed single taxpayers and married taxpayers a considerable amount of tax relief for the Educational and Roth IRA’s. Individual Retirement Accounts, also known as IRA’s, are accounts opened in an individual’s name only and provide tax-deferred savings for retirement. The contributions may be fully deductible, partially deductible, or nondeductible. All IRA’s have the same basic characteristics that enable customers to save money while gaining benefits that may include tax-deferred savings and tax deductions. An IRA is a product in which customers place additional products into, such as CD’s, stocks, bonds and mutual funds. These products are placed into IRA’s to meet customers’ retirement, education, or other future needs. The customers are able to select these products based on their tolerance to risk and their individual investment goals. The IRA will hold these products and provide the potential tax shelter and savings incentives. In order to explain the great qualities of the Roth IRA and the Educational IRA, you must know just a few things about the Traditional IRA. The Traditional IRA is the original product offered to help individuals set aside funds for retirement. To be eligible to contribute to the Traditional IRA the customer must be 70 1/2 or younger, and have an earned income. With the Traditional IRA any withdrawals are subject to income tax in the year in which they are being withdrawn. In addition there are some penalties which may apply if the individual is under the age of 59 1/2 when the funds are withdrawn. There are only seven ways the customers may withdrawal from their Traditional IRA before age 59 1/2 with out being penalized a 10% premature-distribution penalty. These seven ways would be death, disability, medical expenses over 7.5% of AGI, health insurance premiums for certain unemployed individuals, first time home buyer (up to $10,000), higher education expenses, and substantially eq ual periodic payments. With the Traditional IRA the maximum contribution allowed is the lesser of earned income or $2,000. This contribution is not tax-deductible (smartmoney, the ira super page, 2000). With a Traditional IRA there are required minimum distributions which must ... ...two options which they can choose from. The first option is to withdrawal the remaining amount, but it will be subject to income tax and an additional 10 percent tax that represents earnings. The second option is to have the remaining amount rolled over into another IRA. In addition to the two options just discussed the Education IRA can be designated to another beneficiary instead of rolling it over. Bibliography: SmartMoney.com (2000). Roth IRAs: You wanted to know [Internet]. Available: http://www.smartmoney.com/ac/ira/index.cmf?story=know [2000, January 28]. SmartMoney.com (2000). Roth IRAs: To convert or not [Internet]. Available: http://www.smartmoney.com/ac/ira/index.cmf?story=convert [2000, January 28]. SmartMoney.com (2000). The IRA Super Page [Internet]. Available: http://www.smartmoney.com/ac/ira/index:cmf?story=supertable [2000, January 28]. TrowePrice.com (2000). Education IRAs [Internet]. Available: http://www.troweprice.com/college/cpklib2.html [2000, February 8]. Dow Jones Industrial Webcenter (2000). What’s Hot! [Internet]. Available: http://www.irs.ustreas.gov/plain/hot/not97-603.html [2000, February 7

Reflection Paper on Gulf Oil Spill

Reflection Paper on Gulf Oil Spill This presentation had a deep impact on me because I had been living in Gulf Breeze, Florida at the time of the spill. Gulf Breeze is located 15 miles West of Pensacola and the reefs and beaches were severely impacted by it. Not only did the spill impact the environment but also the tourism which that city needed to thrive; in turn businesses closed and restaurants plundered. When I looked outside my bedroom window at the ocean, instead of seeing the bright blue colored ocean waves, I instead looked out at green murky foam covered waves and algae blooms.The sand got covered in black oil and impacted the sea birds that used the splashing waves to gather small fish and organisms. So, when I listened to this presentation, I could relate to what the presenter was saying because I had witnessed firsthand how badly this affected the environment, but at the time I did not realize how it affected the reefs. What I found interesting about the presentation was the before and after pictures.He had mentioned that the scientists used autonomous underwater vehicles that took high resolution map images of reefs that were 400-500 meters underwater (beforehand didn’t even realize some reefs were there). These images were used to help scientists take data on finding new coral sites and witness the affects the oil spill had on them. He mentioned at first they didn’t think the corals were being affected because pictures showed that the corals looked the same as they did last year.At this time scientists were more concerned with marine animals and shorelines than the reefs. At second look even the corals looked fine, and scientists took lots of samples to see if the oil had reached the sites. A sediment trap was used to research the corals and the research showed that plankton filled the cups and that oil had made its way to the coral sites but that it had not affected them. What I learned was that, oil coming out of a well was 100*C, this was entering water that was 4*C at high pressure.This oil formed a fine deep water plume of mist and most of this mist settled at 12 meter depths. When scientists took a third look at the coral reefs they realized that this black mist had affected them. When corals are stressed, they realize mucus, and this proved they were dying. Progression of damage was watched by the scientists by taking photos and videos over time. Months showed how parts of some of the corals got better while others lost tissue, had damage to their polyps, some fell off when touched and others were full of oil.The presenter also mentioned that in order to see how much damage they went to many different coral sites to witness the damage. In conclusion, they found that the farther away from the oil spill they got the better the coral reefs were. He also concluded that hydroids were forming on the corals which will sting and kill the coral by pollination, and also that the brittle star that was shown in a p icture had moved overtime, when they never move at all.I really liked this presentation because it influenced me to want to help in whatever way I can to restore and help these important marine environments. Corals are 400+ years old, the damage to them is irreversible, and there is no way that we can replace them. People have to realize that this is a major problem and the protection of these precious sites needs to be enacted. I am not sure just how to do this, but just by making suggestions and learning as much as we can is a stepping stone to a bigger impact.

An Analysis of “A Time For Choosing”

Millions of viewers tuned into the National Broadcasting Company television network for a special broadcast on the 27th of October. Viewers were anticipating Ronald Reagan’s â€Å"A Time for Choosing† speech. Reagan was acknowledged for his acting in motion pictures and television episodes since 1937, and was now being seen in an unfamiliar role. Reagan emerged in support of the Republican nominee Barry Goldwater. Barry Morris Goldwater was a businessman and five-term United States Senator from Arizona and the Republican Party's nominee for president in the 1964 election.â€Å"A Time for Choosing† utilizes a plethora of rhetoric: style, delivery, pathos, logos, ethos, & hyperboles. His speech was effective, because he used a number of these rhetorical techniques throughout his speech. In the beginning of his speech, he uses a unique style to communicate his speech. He immediately starts off with a clear and precise tone, however his assortment of words indicates a consciousness of concern. Reagan’s tone in this speech is serious and influential. He wants the audience to understand his viewpoints and how he feels about his ideas.He believes that his ideas are what will keep the country going and that these beliefs must be expressed to the audiences in the hopes of being understood. For the audience he gives them examples of how government interference hurts Americans and also allusions to past times such as the revolution and how the founding fathers did not want a big government. He shares that he has â€Å"an uncomfortable feeling that this prosperity isn’t something on which we base our hopes the future. † Reagan’s ability to connect with his audience was rare and unlike many of his colleagues.Whether the topics he spoke on were always relevant to that of the listener, it did not always matter. Reagan had gained strong speaking skills while previously working in the acting industry thus enabling him to better c onnect with his audience. Reagan believes that the country is headed in the wrong direction and that America has several challenges at home and abroad. America’s government was in an economic crisis during the time this speech was given. He knew the citizens needed to hear something strong and powerful that promised change for a better way of life.â€Å"A Time for Choosing† was deliberative and not only informed and inspired the audience but it also provided America with a lighthearted source of entertainment. The style changes at the end of the speech and establishes an optimistic anticipation for the future. Reagan constructs the case for Goldwater and states in his closing sentence â€Å"We will keep in mind and remember that Barry Goldwater has faith in us. He has faith that you and I have the ability and the dignity and the right to make our own decisions and determine our own destiny.†Reagan’s style expresses a clear concern for the future, yet an o ptimistic hope for change that he sees in Barry Goldwater. His inspirational style facilitates him to engage with the American citizens. â€Å"A Time For Choosing† was a fairly long speech nearly thirty minutes. Reagan delivered his speech with no intermissions, no scene change or power point presentations to break the tedium of a long speech; one might wonder how someone can hold the attention of an audience for such an extended amount of time. Reagan achieved this by creating emotional change within the hearts and minds of his listeners.One minute he informs them that Kansas had been â€Å"declared a depressed† area due to financial crisis, thus tugging on the audiences’ heartstrings. The next minute he has the audience crying from laughter while belittling the government, saying, â€Å"When the government tells you you’re depressed, lie down and be depressed. † Towards the end of the speech, Reagan uses repetition to emphasize a connection betwe en himself and his audience. In the last three paragraphs of the speech, Reagan uses â€Å"You and I† four times.The use of â€Å"You and I† makes the audience feel included and makes them believe they have the same values and opinions as Reagan does. â€Å"You and I have a rendezvous with destiny† is perhaps the most famous line from the speech. People are inspired by the speech because Reagan gives the American people hope for their future and their children’s future. His use of repetition conveys to us that we â€Å"have the ability and the dignity and the right to make our own decisions and determine our own destiny†.Repetition is a powerful rhetorical technique that Reagan exercises to  emphasize unity among the American people. Reagan kept his audience eager for more. He would expose an issue or problem and then create a solution. Exposing faults within the existing government Reagan is able to crack part of the â€Å"once believed† solid foundation of the U. S. government. He also exposes how the seediness and greediness of the government is leaking into the minds of other fellow Americans. He states situations where individuals are taking desperate measures such as divorce, in order to earn a higher salary so they can provide for their families.Reagan tells us that there are ways around this and that these issues are not individual but collective. Reagan uses pathos when he mentions the recent escalation in Vietnam. He said, â€Å"As for the peace that we would preserve, I wonder who among us would like to approach the wife or mother whose husband or son has died in South Vietnam and ask them if they think this is a peace that should be maintained indefinitely. Do they mean peace, or do they mean we just want to be left in peace? † Reagan uses this story of the mourning mother and wife to relate the threat of communism to the existence of freedom.He goes on to state â€Å"there can be no real peace wh ile one American is dying some place in the world for the rest of us†. Reagan effectively connects our need for an interventionist foreign policy that will challenge communism anywhere it exists in the world in order to achieve peace through an emotional story. The audience will react positively to the emotional story because they can empathetically connect to the struggles of our nation’s military families. Reagan’s use of pathos allows him to connect to his audience. It makes them understand that he has the same concerns about foreign policy as average Americans.â€Å"There is no foundation like the rock of honesty and fairness, and when you begin to build your life on that rock, with the cement of the faith in God that you have a real start. † He depicts the image of a man who wants to see his son succeed, something that most parents share. Reagan uses logos to argue for economic conservatism. Reagan creates a common sense argument about the economic re ality of our nation’s fiscal policy through a combination of facts, figures, and reasoning. Reagan uses logos, in order to inform Americans of the injustices set forth by the current government.By stating straight facts and logic such as â€Å"We’ve raised our debt limit three times in the last twelve months, and now our national debt is one and a half times bigger than all the combined debts of all the nations of the world. † He states that â€Å"our government continues to spend 17 million dollars a day more than the government takes in. We haven't balanced our budget 28 out of the last 34 years†¦. and now our national debt is one and a half times bigger than all the combined debts of all the nations of the world†. Through common sense and facts, people clearly acknowledge that our nation’s fiscal policy is unsustainable.Reagan is able to effectively communicate to the American people that the nation is in dire financial straits. Reagan†™s focus on the issues makes him seem to the people both logical and intelligent. An effective tool Regan uses to sell his ability is his ethos appeal. It is clear that a main goal of his speech is to portray good character. With direct description, religious and moral references, or an obvious tone thrown over a moral statement, Regan uses this appeal throughout his speech and he uses it well. A major theme in this speech entertains a concern for the general direction of the nation in terms of foreign affairs.Regan weighs freedom and safety by comparing the liberty of the United States with â€Å"the ant heap of totalitarianism†. He does this to paint his democratic opponents in a way that suggests a propensity of weakness. This is as if to say that if elected, his opponents would be more likely to appease than defend against an encroaching threat. While explaining these possibilities, Regan uses an obvious tone of voice to criticize and attach all of the negative aspects he explains to his opponent. This also stands to say that he would never resort to such weakness, thus promoting himself as one of superior character.Another interesting factor to note is that he is trying to build a well perceived character on behalf of another person. Since he is speaking for Barry Goldwater, his speech is intended to be representative of two people in conjunction. He directly boasts legitimacy when he says â€Å"I’ve never known a man in my life I believed so incapable of doing a dishonest or dishonorable thing†. This statement speaks directly of Goldwater’s character but also serves as a reflection of his own. Reagan uses hyperbole to add some humor and laughter to his speech.He  begins a personal story in which he explains that â€Å"two friends of mine were talking to a Cuban refugee, a businessman who had escaped from Castro, and in the midst of the story one of my friends turned to the other and said, ‘We don't know how lucky we are. ’ And the Cuban stopped and said, ‘How lucky you are? I had someplace to escape to. ’† The United States surely isn’t the only place the refugee could have escaped to, but Reagan used the story to indicate America ideals and values. People around the world who are not as fortunate as us admire the unique combination and commitment to these values.Another hyperbole Reagan uses is when he said, â€Å"government programs, once launched never disappear. Actually, a government bureau is the nearest thing to eternal life we’ll ever see on this earth†. Reagan’s humor not only makes people laugh, but makes them think about the expanding size and power of government. Reagan’s use of hyperboles showcase his ability to incorporate humor into serious issues. Humor would become a cornerstone of his oratory style known as the Reagan wit. Reagan’s speech A Time for Choosing, showed intellect and promise to the people it was also imperative to his own political career.Ronald Reagan was a wonderful person to have given this speech due to his celebrity status, his knowledge of both sides of the political spectrum, and his ability to use different rhetorical appeals to speak to his audience. Reagan was able to use his rhetorical appeals to persuade the audience that the government needed to change in order to better reflect the freedoms and ideals our country was build upon. Where there was a problem he provided a solution, where there was question he gave answer, all of this could be found in one name and I believe he firmly stood by his claim, Barry Goldwater.A Time for Choosing or The Speech will remain powerful and memorable for many years to come. Regan makes a great argument with this speech. He applies several sound appeals to the audience and does so in a skilled manner. By reeling his audience in with a simple logical argument, and then promoting Barry Goldwater as a solution in a common sense man ner, he makes it seem as if he is the obvious choice. Although Lyndon B. Johnson won the election, Ronald Regan’s A Time for Choosing did extremely well for the Goldwater campaign and is an excellent example of argumentative rhetoric.

Impact of Television on the Indian population.

Impact of Television on the Indian population. Free Online Research Papers Ever since the advent of modern communication technology that has allowed people around the world to communicate ever so easily, the world itself seems like a smaller space. Broadcasting is an especially effective manner through which millions of people are able to become unified on the basis that they are common recipients of a particular message. One of the most powerful transmitters of these messages is of course the television; programs of which can be seen around the world to serve many purposes. In most contemporary societies, television is a highly influential medium of Popular culture and plays an important role in the social construction of reality. (Morgan, 1990) The effects of television should therefore be recognized as having the ability to alter social, economic and political situations in its places of propagation and beyond. I will be exploring these cultural shifts in detail pertaining to India, a developing nation undergoing a grand cultural shift in part due to the rapid growth of satellite television in the 1990’s and its programming. Television is unlike any other medium of mass communication in that its social effects are prominent, and able to prompt substantial change. The strong cultural influence of television on developing nations can therefore be linked to the following factors as outlined in the book â€Å"Media and Social Changes: the modernizing influences of television in rural India.† First, television programming is easily accessible and inexpensive, which is mainly due to the fact that American television is sold inexpensively around the world after profits in its home market have already been made. Television’s potency is also a result of its broad scope and diversity of programs which therefore makes it appealing to almost anybody. Yet another reason for television’s mass appeal is its benign presence, which allows viewers to be in control of what they watch, how much they watch and when to watch it. (Johnson, 2001) Ultimately, it is these factors that propel the reliance on the medium which has the power to inflict many societal changes in developing nations such as India. Through the examination of diverse groups in India such as rural villagers, youth, women and the middle class, I intend to illustrate the vast social and cultural changes taking place in a culturally rich country, in large part due to the relatively recent popularity of television throughout the country. According to statistics the population in India was: ( see appendix 1) In 2000, it was 1,003 million people. In 2001, it was 1,019 million people. In 2002, it was 1,050 million people. In 2003, it was 1,060 million people. In 2004, it was 1,080 million people. In 2005, it was 1,094 million people. In 2006, it was 1,110 million people. While almost 75 percent of India’s one billion people live in villages,(Johnson 2001) their thoughts and actions consequently have a large influence on the country’s social, political and economic state. One of the most prolific changes in village life which can be linked directly to the influence of television is rise of consumerism in rural India. Just as we are enveloped with advertisements and endorsements which propel us to purchase that which we deem necessary, the same is true in rural India in which such things as blue jeans and hand cream have become necessities. Villagers themselves acknowledge this growing need: â€Å"I want many things that my parents never had. I want a motorcycle and a nice colour TV, I want to eat mutton once a week instead of three times a year† (Johnson 2001) Through this illustration, it is evident that needs are certainly growing and it is due to television and advertisements that the economically dependent third world is now being internally pressured to make shifts that may not be financially possible yet incredibly desirable. Another growing desire of the rural Indian population is to become urbanized, leading to a shift in behaviour and relationships.(Johnson, 2001) Not only do these villagers want to mimic the representations of their urban counterparts by changing their attire and consumer goods, their attitudes are also altered as a result. Such phenomenon can be seen as a positive shift which allows modern attitudes to flourish, through which more sensitivity and emotion are finding their ways into the rigid caste system and competition, therefore adding sentimental value to various relationships. In the case of rural parts of developing nations, mediation may also be useful as a way of educating villagers about their own country. The programs that are seen by the villagers are those which are produced in India yet reflect a Western undercurrent of values and lifestyles. The rural audience is therefore able to learn about other parts of their own country, which is useful due to the fact that many do not venture far from their village for touring purposes. Although touring the country may not be prioritized, with the glamorization of urban life through the media, many villagers are moving to urban centers in search for a better life. (Johnson 2001) The implications of such a shift are obvious in that the villages that are being abandoned are at a disadvantage, yet the urban cities have nothing to gain other than more overcrowding. Although the middle class in India is generally more urbanized and therefore more in touch with the globalizing effects of media, they resemble the villagers in terms of the effects of television on their daily lives. While villagers are enticed with what is outside their village, the urban middle class is able to see the correlation between the foreign and national trademarks. â€Å"Multinational companies consistently attempt to associate their products with signifiers of the Indian nation, for instance through sponsorship of the Indian Olympic team in the 1996 Olympics or through more subtle references to specifically Indian conditions such as the monsoon season† (Fernandes, 2000) While conglomerates such as Pepsi and Coke are striving to merge the Indian identity with their brands by sponsoring sporting events and relying on Indian celebrity endorsements, the Indian audience fails to see that what they see as sponsorship for India’s pride is actually a mere scheme to boost consumerism. It is therefore evident that just as the rural class is becoming increasingly commoditized, the middle class urban population is no different. Although many televised advertisements tug on the nationalized heartstrings, many direct correlations are also made between Indian cities and North American or European ones. In this sense, the existence of the Indian city dwellers is being justified on the basis of their city’s comparison to Western cities. It is through these processes that Indian’s are made to feel that they are being recognized, but the concern is whether this recognition is strong if it is formulated through comparison. While many of these discr ete messages are being transmitted through television and advertisements, they are transforming into ideals; and, just as the rural population is in search for an urban setting, the urban dwellers are looking towards Western societies for opportunity. According to static’s result India spends so much for their TV advertisements. (See appendix 2.) In 2002 US $718 million was spent out of US $ 37,682. In 2003 US $848 million was spent out of US $ 44,413. In 2004 US $ 899million was spent out of US $ 51,812. In 2005 US $1,034 million was spent out of US $ 61,478. In 2006 US $1,189 million was spent out of US $ 67,672. The effects of commercialism cannot be underestimated. Today’s children are besieged by manipulative commercial messages day in and day out, on TV, and even at school. Companies hire psychologists to help them target children and manipulate them; this is called the art of whine-making. The bombardment of commercial messages has created a sense of chronic dissatisfaction in children and, many psychologists think that is has contributed to the increase in teen depression. In terms of programming, television shows are either American, or Indian imitations of them. â€Å"Programs targeted specifically at the middle class are often characterized by a hybridized language which combines Hindi and English.This mixture, termed ‘Hinglish’ by the popular media, combines Hindi and English in different television shows† (Fernandes, 2000) Through this very example it is evident that Westernized ideals are seeping into Indian mainstream media through the use of television. Moreover, an important shift to consider is that while English is becoming increasingly predominant, the non-English speakers are being marginalized and degraded in their own home country. Secondly, the predominance of Hindi as the main language on television weakens the diverse languages spoken in India which have contributed to its cultural heritage for centuries. One of the most prominent examples of the hybrid of Indian and American culture is through the phenomenon of MTV and youth culture in India. â€Å"The two main foreign-owned music television channels operating in India, News Corporation’s Channel [V] and Viacom’s MTV, have followed a market strategy of aggressive â€Å"Indianization.† This has taken the form of programs featuring Indian film songs and music videos†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Juluri, 2002) Although it may hold true that television which is geared towards youth may support Indian entertainment, these channels directly model the American versions of them; therefore, enforcing a global Americanized culture upon middle-class Indian youth. Consumerism is extremely prominent among this group due to the cultural icons represented through music videos and advertisements, along with their parent’s willingness to support such spending. This seems to hold true as a characteristic of youth culture across the globe, which raises the question of whether this global identity was created to homogenize this particular group. Yet another concern that satellite television and its growing Western influence has brought about is the generational reformation of these viewers. â€Å"†¦ graduate students of classical dance and mainly Telugu Channel [V] viewers and say that they have frequently experienced discomfort (and so have their parents)because of the growing trend of obscenity in Telugu film songs (including nudity, suggestive body movements, and â€Å"double-meaning† lyrics).† (Juluri 2002) Families were once able to enjoy programs without any discrepancy among parents and children, the ever growing influence of Western ideology that ‘sex sells’ in the media has transgressed into the Indian market, and led to reformation of the family unit, creating obvious distinctions between tastes. The new trends in television broadcasting may therefore effectively deconstruct the family unit as the Western ideals transgressing through Indian television are slowly creating gaps within the home. Some young viewers of these provocative music videos seem to think that due to their promiscuous nature, that these television programs are also being aired in the West; (Juluri 2002) however, it is this misconception that demonstrates the young Indian’s desire to be recognized by its American counterparts. This ideal requires placing cultural regulations on the backburner, meeting and enjoying Westernized standards and masking them with an overarching Indian identity, all in a subconscious attempt to escape that very identity. Study has shown Television viewing occupied 10.9% of an adolescent time that is about 12 hours per week. 90% of this viewing occurred at home, 73% was done with other family members including 7% with grandparents, uncles, or aunts. This indicates that TV viewing is a typical family activity. Adolescents’ rates of viewing were correlated with mothers’ rates of viewing, with rates for both higher when mothers were unemployed. Adolescents’ TV rates were also correlated with fathers’ rates and with fathers’ type of unemployment. Study has prove, during TV viewing adolescents reported lower than average challenge, worry, and paying attention and higher than average choice, clam and relaxation. In short TV viewing of the middle class Indian youth is a relaxed antidote to the stress of the day that they share with their families. Television has a major impact on toddlers it influences their viewing habits throughout their lives. Since toddlers have a strong preference for cartoons and other programs that have characters that move fast, there is considerable likelihood that they will be exposed to large amounts of violence. Children do not become full-fledged viewers until around the age of two-and-a-half. As toddlers, they begin to pay more attention to the television set when it is on. They develop a limited ability to extract meaning from television content. At the age of eight, children are more likely to be sensitive to important moderating influences of television content, and will not become more aggressive themselves if the violence they see is portrayed as evil, as causing human suffering, or as resulting in punishment or disapproval. However, they are especially likely to show increased aggression from watching violent television if they believe the violence reflects real life, if they identify with a violent hero, or if they engage in aggressive fantasies. One major group which television watching has effected is the age group between 5-13 years of age. Television violence is accompanied by vivid production features; preschoolers are predisposed to seek out and pay attention to violence- particularly cartoon violence. It is not the violence itself that makes the cartoons attractive to preschoolers, but the accompanying vivid production features. With this preference for cartoons, preschoolers are being exposed to a large number of violent acts in their viewing day. Moreover, they are unlikely to be able to put the violence in context, since they are likely to miss any subtlety conveyed mitigating information concerning motivation and consequences. Preschoolers behave more aggressively than usual in their play after watching any high-action exciting television content, but mostly after watching violent television. Another important group that has faced major identity transformations, sparked by the engagement in television is women. In recent years, viewers of Indian film and television have witnessed a shift from portrayals of females as innocent and subordinate in nature, into independent sexual beings. (Malhotra, 2000) While India’s strong traditional heritage has always been significantly characterized by the traditional roles of women as homemakers and mothers, the portrayal of women on television has challenged this ideal, and therefore cultivated a new perception of womanhood for the Indian woman. â€Å"In the 1990s, the Indian ideal of female beauty changed to become more aligned with the Western concept of ‘thin is beautiful’. This change can be unhealthy because the average female Indian body type generally includes large hips.† (Malhotra, 2000) It is therefore evident that the increasing popularity of Western norms through television can be equated with the changing attitudes of Indian females and their bodies. The concern here is obviously the potential damage these ideals may inflict upon the health and self esteem of women exposed to such figures. One particular article which examined the portrayal of women in Indian television states, â€Å"Although many of the programs continued to relegate women to the role of either the glamorous host or the traditional housewife, there were many examples of non-traditional roles for women.† (Malhotra, 2000) Whereas traditional roles are still portrayed, and certain qualities are equated with feminism, the diversity in female roles can be viewed as an indication that women now have choices to fit into those roles that appeal to them. Through television, a range of options are presented, therefore reflecting the potential flexibility of women’s lives. The concern that arises in this case is the harsh reality of Indian culture that is caught between two contradictory gender role portrayals which may either promote female independence, or discourage it altogether. It is therefore important to consider those women who desire liberation, and are held back because they don’t coincide with traditional norms and expectations. The very concept of woman has been revolutionized by the integration of Western ideals and practices that are seeping into Indian-produced television. Conflicts are therefore surfacing which pertain to the issues of female identity. Similarly, with the recent uproar of music-based television, Indian youth culture is flourishing into an ‘Indianized’ group which depends on Western ideals to propel their tastes. This consequently, is creating drifts within the nuclear family structure, and producing a generation gap. The urban middle class, as well as rural villagers are also affected in that they now utilize commodities as a signifier of rank, and these commodities are determined by conglomerate advertising through mainstream Indian television. Television watching and physical activity both are related to obesity. However this has been investigated mainly in children. Television viewing takes up 10.9% of an adolescent’s time (about 12 hours per week) study proves. Children get glued to the television and do not exercise. They watch one program after another with out giving them self’s a break. They do not even have half an hour to do any kind of physical activities. This finally results in obesity. Socially, one of the greatest problems plaguing India today is the consequences of Americanization. Indian’s have eroticized the culture of America to such a degree where they do not realize that they are constantly consuming high priced merchandise at the expense of their own enriched diverse culture. The Indian economy is so motivated by the capital gain from multinationals that they often try to counterbalance the impact of the western images by enforcing radical Nationalistic themes. The growing popularity of television in all parts of India is therefore making way for a homogenized Indian culture whose cultural identity is becoming ever so fragile. Appendix 1. Asia Pacific Demographics Population By Country (Million) 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006(P) Australia 18.8 18.8 19.5 19.7 19.9 20.3 20.7 China 1,267 1,267 1,287 1,287 1,299 1,307 1,307 Hong Kong 6.7 6.7 6.8 6.8 6.9 6.9 7.0 India 1,003 1,019 1,050 1,060 1,080 1,094 1,110 Indonesia 210 213 216 235 238 219 221.9 Japan 126.9 127.3 127.4 127.6 127.7 127.6 127.6 Malaysia 23.3 24.0 24.5 25.1 25.6 26.1 26.6 New Zealand 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.1 Philippines 76.5 77.9 79.5 84.6 86.2 84.2 84.4 Singapore 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.6 n.a. South Korea 47.0 47.4 47.6 47.8 48.1 48.2 48.5 Taiwan 22.1 22.3 22.4 22.5 22.6 22.7 22.7 Thailand 60.5 62.9 62.8 63.1 62.0 62.4 62.4 Appendix 2. Asia Pacific Demographics TV Advertising Expenditure By Country (US$ Million) 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006(P) Australia 1,963 2,159 2,322 2,441 2,504 China 12,520 18,138 23,971 30,797 36,612 Hong Kong 702 766 845 900 1,019 India 718 848 899 1,034 1,189 Indonesia 864 1,208 1,436 1,810 2,145 Japan 15,172 14,989 15,838 17,080 16,426 Malaysia 249 270 352 354 368 New Zealand 339 389 423 438 461 Philippines 940 1,169 1,348 1,912 2,218 Singapore 405 422 489 453 311 South Korea 2,113 1,991 1,878 2,245 2,323 Taiwan 959 998 1,016 959 930 Thailand 738 866 995 1,055 1,166 Total 37,682 44,213 51,812 61,478 67,672 Bibliography Fernandes, Leela. â€Å"Nationalizing the global: media images, cultural politics and the middle class in India† Media Culture Society, 22 (2000): 611-628. Johnson, Kirk. â€Å"Media and Social Change: the modernizing influences of television in rural India† Media Culture Society. 23 (2001): 147 169. Juluri, Vamsee. â€Å"Music Television and the Invention of Youth Culture in India† Television New Media, 3 (2002): 367 386. Morgan, M. and N. Signorielli (1990) ‘Cultivation Analysis: Conceptualization and Methodology’, pp. 13–34 in N. Signorielli and M. Morgan (eds) Cultivation Analysis: New Directions in Media Effects Research. Newbury Park, CA: Sage. Malhotra, S and E. Rogers. â€Å"Satellite television and the new Indian woman† Gazette, 62 (2000): 407-430. â€Å"Brand Equity TV Rating.† Retrieved June 23, 2007, from brandequity.com.my/Charts/AsiaPacific/Population_by_Country.htm. â€Å"Brand Equity – TV Rating.† Retrieved June 23, 2007 from brandequity.com.my/Charts/AsiaPacific/asiapacific_tv_advertising.html. â€Å"Impact of Television† Retrieved June 25, 2007 from http://world.std.com/~jlr/comment/tv_impact.htm. Research Papers on Impact of Television on the Indian population.Relationship between Media Coverage and Social andPETSTEL analysis of IndiaEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementDefinition of Export QuotasAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into Asia19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided Era

The dinner table Essays

The dinner table Essays The dinner table Essay The dinner table Essay In this section I will analyse the conversation between Eddie, Marco and Rodolfo at the dinner table. To make it easy to understand I will break the section into 2 parts, the first part is  What does the conversation show us about each of the characters?  First of all I will talk about MARCO.  At the beginning of act 1 we are introduced to a person called Marco who appears shy at first but as the scene continues we start to see a different person. The word BLUSHING (stage direction) shows us that Marco is not very confident when talking to people and that he does not like to argue much. The quote YOU COME HOME EARLY, RODOLFO shows us that Marco is like a fatherly figure towards his brother Rodolfo, it also shows that he is very protective of his brother. The one thing that I noticed about Marco is that he is physically strong but not mentally and socially; basically he would fight someone rather than have an argument.  Secondly I will talk about RODOLFO  The way Arthur miller has described Rodolfo shows me that he is never serious he acts more like a child the quote LEMONS ARE GREEN shows this. Most characters in the story (apart from Eddie) like Rodolfo he is seen as a good person the quote NICE GUY proves this. Lastly I will talk about Eddie. Firstly he takes the lead as the main character and believes to himself he is the main man in the family an example is LAUGHING which shows how confident he is, he tries to cover up his anger towards Rodolfo but doesnt do a very good job as everyone can clearly see hes angry.  How is it a dramatically effective opening to the scene?  Firstly it follows on from the first scene which is left off as a cliff hanger making people think what will happen next, the last scene finishes with this quote PRAY FOR HIM AND SO I WAITED HERE This shows that there is a edge to this as there is a two way outcome and that even the characters in the story are unsure as to what will happen next so it keeps the audience on the edge of their seats and wanting more.  Section 6  Again I will break this section down.  How are the audience kept in suspense by Miller, what are they left thinking?  In this scene Eddie challenges Marco CAN YOU LIFT THIS CHAIR he says this, as he wants to see how strong Marco is physically. Marco shocks everyone by showing that he is not scared of Eddie by lifting a chair up by one hand the quote that shows this is HE TRANFORMS WHAT MIGHT APPEAR LIKE A GLARE OF WARNING INTO A SMILE OF TRIUMPH Marco is trying to prove to Eddie that being a man is not about boxing it is about strength. Another point in which Marco is trying to show Eddie is that he is the bigger man and that if he messes with Rodolfo he messes with him. This causes drama at the end of the scene because it starts to show conflict between the two. By now Eddie has realised that he cannot win against Marco as he is too strong for him this makes the audience anticipate when will Eddie strike at Rodolfo as he wont do it in front of Marco. Marco is seen as a shield that has to protect his little brother, he has warned Eddie on a number of occasions, this keeps everyone interested and makes them think, and again the scene ends as a cliff hanger.  Now things have changed, as Marco has become the main man.

Mistletoe

Mistletoe Mistletoe Mistletoe By Maeve Maddox Before mistletoe became an excuse to kiss people at Christmas parties, it was an important symbol in ancient Celtic religion. Pliny the Elder describes a ceremony in which Druids climbed an oak tree to harvest mistletoe with a golden sickle. Wrote Pliny: They believe that mistletoe given in drink will impart fertility to any animal that is barren and that it is an antidote to all poisons. Mistletoe figures in the story of the Norse god Baldur. (Also spelled Balder and Baldr.) Baldur was the most beloved of the Norse gods. All the gods loved him except Loki the mean-spirited troublemaker. Baldurs mother Freya dreamed that he died and was taken by Hel. Norsemen who died in battle were taken by the Valkyries to Valhalla. Everyone else went to Hel’s kingdom. When Freya woke she went to Hel and begged her not to take her son. Hel said that if she could persuade everything in the world not to harm Baldur, he could go on living. Freya extracted an oath from rocks, elves, giants, plants, and everything else. Every thing and every creature swore not to harm Baldur. Unfortunately, Freya neglected to speak to the mistletoe. It was so small and insignificant that she didn’t see how it could be a threat to anyone. When it became evident that nothing would kill Baldur, the other gods made a game of throwing weapons at him. Loki found out about the unsworn mistletoe. He went to the plant and took a cutting back to Asgard. He fastened it to an arrow and gave it to Baldur’s blind brother Hoder. Loki guided Hoder’s hand and the mistletoe on the arrow pierced Baldur’s heart, killing him. Theres more to Baldurs story, but this is the part about the mistletoe. If youre in the mood for more seasonal lore, you may enjoy these DWT posts from previous years. Dec 2008 Deck the Halls Dec 2008 December 26 Dec 2007 Festive Words Dec 2007 The Meaning of Christmas Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Punctuating â€Å"So† at the Beginning of a SentencePeople versus PersonsPlurals of Proper Names

What are some Issues that Lead to the Rise of the Labor Movement and Essay

What are some Issues that Lead to the Rise of the Labor Movement and the Problems Organized Labor Faced both Internally and Externally in their Struggle for Social Equality - Essay Example Most employers since as early 19th century have been known for their ruthless treatment of their workers without considering their wellbeing and the civil rights to which they are entitled. For workers in the industrial sector, labor movements were organized with the core objective of bettering wages, reasonable hours, improved conditions at the work place. The movement’s efforts have since transformed the labor society to what it is today. It has resulted to dismissal of child labor, health benefits accrued to workers as well as provision of assistance to workers who get injured in the course of duty and support to for the retired group. Factors that have led to the emergence of the labor movements include mistreatment of workers at the work place by their employers. Incidences of workers mistreatment had become prominent in the American society that compelled them to form unions in an effort to fight for their rights and protect them from the inconsiderate, self-centered employees. The workers were kept working for longer hours with little or no pay at all. Such terms of contract fuelled formation of mass protest by the workers in protest of the cheap labor. Another factor that was key in the rise of labor movement was political involvement and sensitization of the workers. Local leaders and politicians played a significant role in the formation of unions as they sought to fight for the rights of their people. Most leaders of the time sensitized their community to stand their grounds and fight for their rights. The call by leaders propelled residents who were getting unfair treatment to congregate together and stag e a protest against their masters. This was evident in the colonial era where political leaders led their troops against their masters who were taking advantage of them to gained cheap labor leading to reforms in the sector. Marxism taught believed that trade

Modern China Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Modern China - Essay Example Oftentimes, the economic model of development propagated by China today is described as â€Å"authoritarian capitalism† (Gat, 2007, 33). China has recently taken cautious steps towards the embrace of market-oriented principles and while capitalism and entrepreneurship remain relatively new concepts, these concepts are starting to take hold. How has China developed over the past century? What is the recent history of China and how does this history explain the model of development which it has decided to pursue? How has the Chinese economy grown under globalization and has the ideological underpinnings of socialism in China evolved or simply withered away? These questions, and many more, will be addressed in this exploration of China and its cautious embrace of capitalism and entrepreneurship today. An ancient civilization with an extensive tradition of dynastic and centralized rulers, China was been ruled by the Communist Party of China (CCP) since the successful overthrow of the Nationalist government in 1949. Establishing a socialist form of government through the creation of the People’s Republic of China, the Communist Party of China is avowedly socialist and sought to impart communist teachings throughout this vast country. Accordingly, the communist leaders initially saw capitalism through a skeptic’s lens and implemented profound overhauls of the economic structure of Chinese society. Thus, the implementation of a series of top-down economic initiatives such as a series of Five Year Plans, the Great Leap Forward and the often-times violent Cultural revolution, all paved the way for the establishment of a socialist society in which economic matters were dictated by the state and implemented accordingly. Significantly, socialism provided the ideological impe tus for the Communist Party of China to govern. Thus, while implementing an economic overhaul of the country, the socialist credentials of

If Jack is the id, Ralph the ego and Piggy the super-ego in Lord of Research Paper

If Jack is the id, Ralph the ego and Piggy the super-ego in Lord of the Flies, which characters are the id, ego and super-ego in The Sun Also Rises - Research Paper Example The paper attempts to identify the Id, Ego and super-ego in the story The Sun Also Rises comparing the roles of the characters with those of Lord of the Flies where Jack is the id, Ralph is the ego and Piggy is the super ego. The first story depicts the power sharing relationship among some British school children that are individualized with their distinct personality traits. But the later projects the life of a group of characters that are driven by different conflicting forces at the same time. It is necessary to mention that the three protagonists of Golding’s story—Jack, Piggy and Ralph are the allegorical representation of the three different components of human psyche. Ralph represents the consciousness of mind (ego) when he is guided by rationality, while Piggy acts as a voice of conscience representing the super-ego. â€Å"Ralph is practical and organized. For him the most important thing is to light a fire so that the boys can be recognized† (Golding, 14). Jack on the other hand is driven by violent desire for power, hunting, aggression and all other primitive impulses. In Hemingway’s story the characters are in fact multi-layered. Jake indulges carnal desires toward s his fiancà ©e Brett but he also recognizes his physical limitation caused by thee war and this torments his moral self. Brett is always in a frolicking mood enjoying temporary passing affairs. But it is also true that she truly loves Jake and her multiple affairs can be arising from her lack of gratification in Jake’s love. For example, when Jake says, â€Å"there’s not a damn thing we could do†(Golding, 26), Brett replies, â€Å" I don’t want to go through that hell again†. She goes to San Sebastian with Cohn, formerly had a relation with Mike, Patched up with Pedro, the bullfighter in no time. But she has an ultimate realization that keeps her from sexual intimacy. Cohn is a character that is comparatively less intricate, dependent on the

Botox Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Botox - Case Study Example Botox is derived from the botulin poison and used to paralyze the nerves and thus movement in certain parts of the face, particularly around the eyes, forehead, mouth, and nose, creating an appearance that is free of the age associated wrinkles. This treatment is considered a luxury purchase in Canada and worldwide, though is reasonably priced at around $2000 for a 3-6 month treatment on average. Because of this, the proposed marketing plan will address the ways to increase sales primarily in the luxury market, while also recognizing that Botox may become useful in the treatment of other diseases, such as migraines, chronic pain disorders, or nerve issues. Allergan states that Botox has â€Å"has virtually changed the face of medical aesthetics† and the widest application of this pharmaceutical is in cosmetic related procedures that are non-surgical and relatively quick for the patient to receive. (Allergen, 2011) Nevertheless, there may be competitors or legislative decisions that adversely affect the Botox market, such as taxation in the United States that would target Botox treatments and other types of cosmetic surgery with a type of luxury tax. As this is not expected to pass in Canada in the foreseeable future, the wider issue would be the assumption of medical coverage for Botox treatments popularly. There is increasing use of Botox in Canadian hospitals covered under national healthcare plans that include the use of Botox as a treatment for migraines, but there is little coverage under these plans for cosmetic procedures. Because of this, Allergan should pursue a sales and marketing plan for Botox in Canada that targets the medical uses of the drug to the hospital and private practitioner community while providing additional literature on the cosmetic use of Botox to all practicing cosmetic surgeons in the country. The next section will examine the existing corporate strategy of Allergan to see how it can be supplemented or improved for Canada. A llergan It is clear that Allergan CEO David Pyott’s plan for Botox has been widely successful, and the company is already pursuing a dual marketing plan of providing the background information on the medical uses of Botox to doctors in hospitals and private practice in Canada, while building log term relationships with cosmetic surgeons and dermatologists who specialize in the procedure. The advertising of Botox in the professional class is largely established through word of mouth and the becoming of â€Å"Botox† a publicly recognized term, like â€Å"aspirin†. This success in building the brand identity can be considered the highest accomplishment of Allergan’s existing marketing campaign, and this brand identity will fuel future organic growth in Canada. Strengths The strengths of the Botox product is its cosmetic use, though increasingly the medical significance of Botox in migraine and nerve pain instances points to a large and growing market share. Because there are few existent competitors for this product, and because it gives professionals an advantage in an appearance oriented career such as acting, modeling, publicity, etc., the procedure itself can often be justified as a business related cost or investment. This aspect is also related to the inevitable fact of old age and the need of society to worship the

Fashion Illustrations in France during the 17th & 18th Century Essay

Fashion Illustrations in France during the 17th & 18th Century - Essay Example The essay "Fashion Illustrations in France during the 17th & 18th Century" talks about French fashion illustrations in the 17th & 18th Century. The most famous fashion style in Europe during this time encompassed the Baroque style, which arrived late in France than any other part of Europe. During the 17th and 18th century, France witnessed a significant development in the fashion styles. Various styles of fashion emerged during this period and gained prominence all over France. This paper will discuss the fashion illustrations in France during the 17th and 18th Century. More specifically, the paper will discuss how the fashion illustrations emerged and developed in France during this period. In the 17th Century, France was under the rule of Louis XIV, the Sun King; during this period, French fashion gained prominence as the leading fashion in almost the whole of Europe. This resulted from the fact that France had developed into a significant cultural as well as political power. As s uch, the fashion illustrations from France became an absolutistic regime. Based on the absolutistic ideal, French fashion became rigid from 1660 because of the strong and strict etiquette, which characterised the fashion illustrations. By the year 1670, French fashion illustrations spread all over Europe to the extent that royal fashion of France dictated the fashion illustrations in many parts of Europe. This made European rulers imitate the powerful Sun King and they lost diversities and national differences in fashion.

Botox Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Botox - Case Study Example Botox is derived from the botulin poison and used to paralyze the nerves and thus movement in certain parts of the face, particularly around the eyes, forehead, mouth, and nose, creating an appearance that is free of the age associated wrinkles. This treatment is considered a luxury purchase in Canada and worldwide, though is reasonably priced at around $2000 for a 3-6 month treatment on average. Because of this, the proposed marketing plan will address the ways to increase sales primarily in the luxury market, while also recognizing that Botox may become useful in the treatment of other diseases, such as migraines, chronic pain disorders, or nerve issues. Allergan states that Botox has â€Å"has virtually changed the face of medical aesthetics† and the widest application of this pharmaceutical is in cosmetic related procedures that are non-surgical and relatively quick for the patient to receive. (Allergen, 2011) Nevertheless, there may be competitors or legislative decisions that adversely affect the Botox market, such as taxation in the United States that would target Botox treatments and other types of cosmetic surgery with a type of luxury tax. As this is not expected to pass in Canada in the foreseeable future, the wider issue would be the assumption of medical coverage for Botox treatments popularly. There is increasing use of Botox in Canadian hospitals covered under national healthcare plans that include the use of Botox as a treatment for migraines, but there is little coverage under these plans for cosmetic procedures. Because of this, Allergan should pursue a sales and marketing plan for Botox in Canada that targets the medical uses of the drug to the hospital and private practitioner community while providing additional literature on the cosmetic use of Botox to all practicing cosmetic surgeons in the country. The next section will examine the existing corporate strategy of Allergan to see how it can be supplemented or improved for Canada. A llergan It is clear that Allergan CEO David Pyott’s plan for Botox has been widely successful, and the company is already pursuing a dual marketing plan of providing the background information on the medical uses of Botox to doctors in hospitals and private practice in Canada, while building log term relationships with cosmetic surgeons and dermatologists who specialize in the procedure. The advertising of Botox in the professional class is largely established through word of mouth and the becoming of â€Å"Botox† a publicly recognized term, like â€Å"aspirin†. This success in building the brand identity can be considered the highest accomplishment of Allergan’s existing marketing campaign, and this brand identity will fuel future organic growth in Canada. Strengths The strengths of the Botox product is its cosmetic use, though increasingly the medical significance of Botox in migraine and nerve pain instances points to a large and growing market share. Because there are few existent competitors for this product, and because it gives professionals an advantage in an appearance oriented career such as acting, modeling, publicity, etc., the procedure itself can often be justified as a business related cost or investment. This aspect is also related to the inevitable fact of old age and the need of society to worship the

The Cost Accounting System of Bagalot PLC Coursework

The Cost Accounting System of Bagalot PLC - Coursework Example On the overall analysis, it can be stated that the cost system in Bagalot PLC is not appropriate and it requires certain changes. To justify this, light can be thrown on the findings of the internal team, which is appointed to study the overhead costs in both the plants. The findings can be summarised and demonstrated as follows: The above outcomes signify the importance of the production and post-production related activities. If the overhead cost of a product is calculated based on the production-run direct labor, then the other activities will be surely ignored. It implies that the adopted mechanism for the cost calculation is not effective as it takes into account only the partial costs. Based on the above explanation, it can be recommended to the Bagalot management to bring certain transformation in the host system or to change the method of the cost estimation. In this note, the management can be proposed to adopt ‘Activity-Based Costing’ (ABC). In this case, one question can crop up that whether both the plants should adopt the technique or not. It is true that variations in the activities are less in the Bath plant, but the mechanism of estimating overhead expenses is similar. Therefore, it will be better if ABC method can be applied to both the plants. There are several activities in Bristol plant and few activities in Bath plant. The activities are ‘receiving and production control’, ‘packaging and shipping’, ‘plant management and facilities’ and most importantly ‘set up labor’. By implementing ABC method, the organization will be able to monitor each activity that has a contribution in direct overhead. It will result in effective cost structure as well as transparent mechanism. In the last part, cost of each product of Bagalot has been calculated according to the activity-based costing method. In this portion of the paper, the profitability of the Briefcases based on the new approach (ABC method) will be computed. A comparative analysis of the old and new methods can be presented in a tabular format to figure out the best approach.

Sustaining Employee Performance Essay Example for Free

Sustaining Employee Performance Essay There is usually a multitude of different positions within an organization. The different positions are determined by the size of the organization. While many positions may have similar characteristics when it comes to performance and compensation many are also at opposite ends of the spectrum. Based on the position, companies may choose different methods of evaluating performance. Companies also choose different pay scales and incentives based on each position. Two positions that may be compared would be a triage nurse and an admission receptionist. While both of these positions exist in the hospital, they are going to be reviewed and compensated in different ways. Function of Performance Management Systems Performance management system is a process in which companies focus on the performance of the employees and organization. Its a process to improve or build products or service to accomplish the companys mission and goals. Performance management system can include planning work, continually monitoring employees, setting expectations, rating performance, rewarding good performance, and developing performance. Performance management mainly consists of feedback, positive reinforcement, and measurement. Currently, the hospital has information systems for accounting and finance, human resources, customer relationship management, and knowledge management but doesnt have a performance management system in place. It has been recommended that a performance management system be put into place for the triage nurses and admissions receptionist to enhance employee engagement and performance. Enforcing a performance management system will allow the hospital to focus on employees job performance as well as manage them effectively for the business results the organization wants to see and achieve. The hospital will use integrated software to track employee  progress and from the results be able to narrow down what improvements need to be met by the employees, as well as the company. Management will be able to be more responsive and flexible to employee needs while communicating strategic goals, and documenting the communication process. Performance appraisals will also help with the organizational development. Performance appraisal is part of a system that seeks to motivate employees to maximum performance by evaluating the employees effort on the job, comparing it to standards, and using those results to help employees improve (DeCenzo, p. 244). Coaching will be provided from their manager, and performance feedback will be given based upon the coaching. Performance planning will also be relayed as part of the performance management system to establish goals and objectives so that no employee is unaware of what is expected of them as we implement the performance management system. Implementation of the performance management system at first will be on a short term basis while employees and management are getting use to the software. It will be carried out on a weekly base during each employees one on one with their manager, and results will be gathered and feedback will be given. From those results, the employee will receive praise or coaching on what they will need to improve on. The overall goal is to get all employees on the same page and work towards the companys goals while developing strong employees that will be an asset to the companys future. Job Evaluation Methods Job evaluations are used to evaluate an employee’s work and productivity. It not only helps to determine their performance, but it also helps to recognize accomplishments, it helps to determine if there are any future training opportunities and helps the employee develop new skills and set performance goals for the following year (DeCenzo, p. 132). There are two types of appraisals I would use to evaluate a Triage Nurse and an Admissions Receptionist. The first evaluation type would be Critical Incident method, and the second would be the Graphic Rating Scale. Critical Method job evaluation would be good for a Triage Nurse and an Admissions Receptionist because this evaluation is a task-focused based evaluation. Both of these jobs come in contact with clients, and they have certain tasks and procedures to follow with each client. Critical Method focuses on those tasks an employee has and how he or she performance those tasks. The evaluations are done mostly by the managers, by doing observations of the employees and gathering that information for the year. Critical Method job evaluations are very effective relationship building tool because it requires the manager to spend most of their time in the work area working, observing, and interacting with there in employees (DeCenzo, p. 251). This situation could be a disadvantage because your manager is most likely to be there every day and see everything that is going on, but if they are a good manager they are there to provide support and guidance. The Second Performance Job evaluation I would use to evaluate A Triage Nurse and an Admissions Receptionist would be the Graphic Rating Scale method because of the number of Nurses and Receptionist you will have; this will help to identify the very best and poor employees. This type of evaluation helps to separate employees into tiers. This separation can help determine which employees receive promotions or training (DeCenzo, p. 252). However; this evaluation does have disadvantages because it could become difficult to differentiate between employees who are placed in the average group. These employees could have several strengths, but their weaknesses play a role in their tier evaluation. For this method to be effective, the manager must communicate with each employee about their weaknesses and strengths. The result of this coaching session should result in the employee reaching a higher position on the graphic rating scale evaluation in the future. Compensation Plans The pay grade for the Triage Nurse at this particular hospital is a U7 that is a benchmarked position. The pay grade compensation amounts run from $53,400 to $76,200. The median range of this pay grade is $64,100. This pay grade leaves room for growth and advancement, but also can compensate a Triage Nurse who has more than five (5) years of experience which will still leave room for promotions within the pay grade for this position. There are promotional increases every year that this position can earn a total of 5% of the annual increase on the base salary. This bonus is determined on the overall individual performance of the employee. There are 2% increases on the base annual salary for an annual merit increase on top of the individual bonus program. The Admission Receptionist compensation has a lower pay grade  than the Triage Nurse. The pay grade is a U. The range of compensation is between $17,600 and $34,300. The median range of compensation for an employee with about five (5) years experience for an admission receptionist position is $22,800. There are promotional increases every year for this position that depends on individual performance. The highest percentage that can be earned is 3%. This position is eligible for merit increases every year at a 2% increase on the base salary. This position is benchmarked and cannot earn compensation over the pay grade. Importance of Benefits Plans In todays tough recruiting environment, simply providing a competitive salary will not be enough to attract top talent to the organization. Most prospective employees take the benefits package into consideration before accepting a job offer. A well-designed benefits program will increase the appeal of working for the organization, minimize turnover, increase morale, better job performance, and healthier employees. An organization that invests in a benefits program demonstrates to its staff members the length to which it is willing to invest in their future. A company that chooses to invest in its workforce proves the business is stable, that management and ownership believe in the ability of the business to succeed, and it will attract the best talent to the organization (Mann, 2013). It becomes difficult for a company to make progress if it is forced to train new employees continuously because it cannot retain talent. When a business suffers from a high turnover rate, it is very difficult to build that cohesive team of veteran employees that lead the way. Often, offering a well-rounded benefits package will be the difference between an employee choosing to stay with the company or seek employment elsewhere. Providing employee benefits can better the morale of the workforce. By understanding the needs of the companys workforce and addressing those needs, it is very likely that employees will be more dedicated to the company and take their positions and performance more seriously. A business that demonstrates that it cares about their employees can increase loyalty and get better performance from its staff. Healthier employees can also be a benefit to the company as a result of offering these benefits. Providing a dental plan, medical plan, and sick leave helps employees maintain or better their  health. Offering paid sick leave keeps employees who may have a contagious illness from entering the workplace and infecting other staff members. Employees who have a medical and dental plan are more likely to obtain regular checkups resulting in fewer sick days (Mann, 2013). Based on the information presented, it is clear that differences exist between positions within the same organization. Some similarities may be salary increase percentages from one position to the next, but the pay scales are very different. There are many different methods to evaluate job performance and vary from company to company. Position structures also vary greatly from company to company as well. It is important to figure out what works for the specific type of company and the service or goods. No single way has been shown to be most effective for every company that is why it is important to tailor the structure and evaluation process to each companys needs. References DeCenzo, D. A. (2013). Fundamentals of Human Resource Management (11th ed.). Saddle River, NJ: John Wiley Sons. Mann, N. (2013). Top 5 Reasons to offer Employee Benefits. Retrieved from http://businessbee.com

The Theme Of Human And Animal Transformation English Literature Essay

The Theme Of Human And Animal Transformation English Literature Essay Throughout history, animals have held and important place in literature, they act as symbols and representations of society, economics and human relationships. Franz Kafka was born in Prague in 1883 to a upper-middle class Jewish, German family. Although his mother was loving she was somewhat secondary to his upbringing and his highly domineering father was both emotionally and physically abusive. Throughout his life, Kafka always felt somewhat of an outsider as well as being plagued with guilt about his hatred for his father who he perceived as a giant of a man, my father, the ultimate judge, coming to get me in the middle of the night  [1]   As an adult, Kafka lived a double life, working as a clerk by day and writing by night, something that was highly disapproved of by his father. He never married or had children and spent most of his adult living with his parents and sister something that one can see reflected in the Metamorphosis. Metamorphosis, is fundamentally a fantasy novel however, it represents a very real scenario. By looking at the novel from a Marxist perspective one can see a worker being abandoned by his employer and family after becoming unable to work and support them financially which is representative of the proletariat, bourgeoisie conflict described by Marx. Kafkas Metamorphosis is an illustration of a capitalist society dominated by economics and the abandonment of those unable to provide for themselves. If one studies the novel from this perspective we can see that the protagonist Gergor represents the proletariat and his manager the bourgeoisie. Gregor, the protagonist of the novel represents the proletariat, he is forced to work in a job that he hates as a travelling sales man as he is trying to support his family and pay off his fathers debts. Gregors social status would be defined by Marx and Engels as a member of the class of modern wage labourers who having no means of production of their own are reduced to selling their labour power in order to live  [2]  . At the beginning of the novel we learn that Gregor has transformed into an insect. The identity of this creature however, is never disclosed; this is because the characteristics of the insect are relatively unimportant in understanding the conflict and class struggles that are occurring within the novel. Instead the transformation signifies Gergors new inability to work and provides a focus on Gregors value as a labourer rather than a person and how this diminishes when he is no longer able to go out and earn money or support his family. If Gregor is representative of the proletariat his manger symbolises the bourgeoisie he is an example of the class of modern capitalists, owners of the means of social production and employers of wage labourers.  [3]   The manager is not given a name which signifies his lack of humanity and acts superior as a result of his advanced economic position. Kafkas portrayal of the manager makes him highly unlikeable, if anything the reader is lead to empathise more with Gregor as an insect than his human manger. The first to abandon Gregor is his manager who leaves as soon as he realises that Gregor is unable to work and therefore has no value to him. As the worker Gregor is work nothing more than his labour to his manager he is also expendable as the manager knows that he will be able to find a replacement worker. However, one Gregor becomes unable to support his family financially they to abandon him. Marx claims that the bourgeoisie has torn away from the family its sentimental veil and has reduced the family relation into a mere money relation  [4]  . Kafkas metamorphosis is a clear example of this, Gregor worked in a job he hated for years trying to support his family who abandon his the minute he is unable to continue. His father is the most emotionally unattached and deals with Gregor in the harshest manner. Gregors presence seems to anger his father as he clenches his fists and throws fruit at the insect  [5]  . Although his mother and sister Grete are initially upset and sym pathetic towards Gregor his sister brings him food and cleans his room- this affection dwindles over time as they cease to receive any financial support from Gregor. Grete even begins to refer to her brother as it and states that if the bug was really Gregor he would have realised long ago that it isnt possibly for human beings to live with such a creature and he would have gone away of his own free will  [6]  . Her indifference towards her brother shows that as a result of his transformation he has ceased to exist to her. The relationship of the family was based on shared wages and once Gregor could no longer contribute to that he no longer existed within the family relation. This is further supported by the fact that as a result of Gregors inability to work his father and sister have to start earning a living. His father takes over as head of the household and his sister flourishes in her new occupation, becomes more beautiful and earns the respect of her parents. Even his mo ther becomes stronger and starts to work more around the house. It seems that Gregors transformation forces the family into working for themselves and not being reliant on their son. The eventual conclusion to the Gregors story is his inevitable death, once he transformed and was no longer able to feed himself his life depended on the charity of his parents who considered him useless and a financial burden and locked him away. However, rather than being upset at their sons death, his family appear relieved their economic needs superseded any emotional attachment that the family had to Gregor and therefore they could not love him once he became a strain on the family. Following his death Gregors family travel to the country, they discuss the economic benefits of not having to support Gregor and then move on to talking about Grete. They discuss her marriage and the financial benefits of this, it appears that while Grete is financially useful to the her parents she is welcomed as part of the family but the novel ends with a subtle warning that if she started to become a burden she could have the same outcome as Gregor. Pig Tales by Marie Darrieussecq was published in France in1996 more than 50 years after the publication of The Metamorphosis. However, like Kafka Darrieussecq the transformation of an animal to provide a critical analogy of society. In this case our protagonist, an unnamed narrator living in Paris slowly turns into a pig, which the reader is encouraged to believe is a result of her amoral lifestyle. Her gradual transformation into an animal is reflective of the changes occurring in the society she lives which is becoming more right wing as a result of consumer capitalism. The novel follows the life of this nameless girl and begins with her being interviewed at a perfume store where the director tells her that The important thing [is] to look lovely and well groomed at all times  [7]  . Pig Tales was highly successful and very popular amongst adult readers, Sallie Muirden argues in her essay on the novel that this success could be because of the way that Darrieussecq channels cont emporary female resentment about the patriarchy in a post-feminist era, in particular theà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ continued control over what women do with their bodies.  [8]   Through her book, Darrieussecq is articulating experiences and feelings that the modern day female reader will be able to relate to. She dealing with issues concerning the womens body and womens rights but in a post-feminist manner, as she is arguing that one may not have an issue with selling their body and may in fact enjoy working as a prostitute. Although this may be criticised by early feminist as being degrading to women I think what Darrieussecq is really fighting for is that we dont see her protagonist as a victim but rather as women making her own choices and decisions with regard to her body. Equally, Darrieussecq is not condemning the women in this novel, rather, she is criticising the social circumstances the narrator finds herself in which is most like a result of her lack of education which makes it hard for her to concentrate  [9]  . Her inarticulateness and naivety make it easier for those around her who are corrupt (mainly the men in the novel) to take advantage of her which is shown at the beginning of the novel when she is sexually assaulted by the director during her interview The director of Perfumes Plus was holding my right breast in one hand and the job contract in the other  [10]  . As a result it takes her a long time to realise that it is her participation in this corrupt act that are causing her apparent transformation and that she must resist form amoral behaviour in order to remain human. However, there is still something about the narrator that makes the reader empathise with her, she is very sincere and has much emotion for others which can be seen in her relationships with Yvan the werewolf and her lost pig babies, I licked the poor mites as carefully as I could. When they grew cold, I felt as though I couldnt go on. I curled up in a ball and didnt th ink about anything any more  [11]  . Here her response is protective and tender which supports my belief that she is inherently good but living in society that is corrupt.

Computer Fanatics - Good or Evil? :: essays papers

Computer Fanatics - Good or Evil? Adolf Hitler, Benito Mussolini, Charles Manson, and David Koresh were all fanatics of some nature. These fanatics did not have a helpful side effect for people but caused death and one of them a World War. Fanatics don’t all have to be bad though some fanatics helped our way of life or increased it with entertainment. Such fanatics like Michael Jordan and Larry Bird have made basketball a more enjoyable sport to watch. A fanatic is a person with an extreme and uncritical enthusiasm or zeal. All of the above mentioned have had or have these qualities. One type of fanatic that has grown larger in numbers is the computer fanatic. With the rise of technology and the Internet kids and adults are becoming fanatical with computers. Some of the traits of a computer fanatic are a need or want to be around a computer most of the time, talks a lot about computers, and there incredible knowledge for them. A computer fanatic always wants to be around a computer and if he isn’t it’s almost like a withdrawal from a drug. To a computer fanatic a computer is almost like a drug and if he doesn’t get a constant supply of it then he gets moody or restless. Programmers and other computer technicians are almost all computer fanatics and they spend at least 40 hours a week on a computer. Computers to these people are basically there life and that is why the coined term computer nerd was created. A good example of a computer fanatic can be seen in the movie Matrix that the main actor is seen next to his computer asleep and it looks as if he hasn’t moved all day. They love computers like someone might love their wife. When a computer fanatic isn’t around their computer they are always talking about them. They will always at some point have to talk about some thing related to computers. They have a difficult time separating their computer from any other part of their life. It’s hard to carry a conversation with a computer fanatic because sooner or later they will mention something related to computers. Sometimes it can be interesting but usually they speak at a level of understanding that a non-computer fanatic would not understand. There level of understanding is above most normal people and that is another way to tell if they are computer fanatics.

Globalisation and the Coca-Cola Company Essay

Today, Coca-Cola is one of most well-known brands in the world. This company has continued to gain momentum and growth, capitalizing on the rapidly expanding beverage industry and ranking as the largest beverage company in the world. With its push for global market share, Coca-Cola now operates in over 200 countries with over 84,000 suppliers. Currently, over 70% of Coca Cola’s business income is generated from non-US sources (Coca-Cola Company, 2012). In over a century, Coca-Cola has grown the company into a multi-million dollar business. However, the road to success has not always been easy for Coca-Cola. Many countries have banned the use of Coca-Cola products, claiming that these products are â€Å"threatening public health† and â€Å"encouraging obesity.† Many labor practice suits have been filed against the mega beverage company with accusations of â€Å"child labor sweatshops† and â€Å"discrimination in providing health care benefits to workers.† In addition, the beverage industry has been flooded with competitors introducing new soft drink products, such as Pepsi, along with soft drink alternatives, such as Gatorade, bottled water, fruit juice, and energy drinks. Coca-Cola has faced the challenge by introducing new beverage brands including Sprite, Fanta, Minute Maid, Simply Orange, Fresca, Vitamin Water, Smart Water, Odwalla, and Powerade. In light of the obstacles Coca-Cola has overcome, the company has remained true to its commitment to provide quality, refreshing, and satisfying products to consumers. In order to ensure each product tastes the same across the globe, Coca-Cola continues to keep the beverage recipes secret with tightly controlled manufacturing facilities. CocaCola has never lost sight of its goal to be the best beverage company in the world. Now, let us take a closer look at Coca Cola’s journey to globalization. Coca-Cola’s Journey to Globalization Founded back in the 1880’s, Coca-Cola was developed by John Pemberton as an American iconic brand known for high quality and consistency. During this period in history, storekeepers demanded pre-packaged products with brand name recognition. Coca-Cola met these demands with its iconic red and white logo and brand marketing to instill confidence in the consumer that the Coca-Cola product would taste the same everywhere it was purchased. These strategies soon became the foundation for CocaCola’s plan to expand globally. In the early 1900’s, Coca-Cola started to globalize. Bottling plants were initially built in Cuba and Panama as the US military spread to these regions, causing a rise in demand for the Coca-Cola brand. These plants proved to be successful, reducing shipping and delivery costs typical in these regions. Soon after, additional bottling plants opened in Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines. These efforts launched Coca-Cola’s Saylor URL: www.saylor.org/bus208#2.5.6 The Saylor Foundation investment in testing foreign markets for future expansion opportunities. By 1926, CocaCola had established foreign relationships and plants around the world in support of its newly created center of global operations. Coca-Cola continued on its path of mass production and rapid expansion for the next several decades. Local branches along with local partnerships to produce and distribute the signature Coca-Cola products were established throughout the world. The ending of World War II and the Cold War marked the signature period in which Coca-Cola had established itself as a true global corporation known for its efficiency and worldwide capabilities. Next, let us take a look at three key strategies employed by Coca-Cola to support rapid growth and expansion across the globe: global marketing strategies, product differentiation, and technology. Global Marketing Strategies Coca-Cola’s marketing strategies played a significant role in successfully globalizing the company. The company’s popular advertising slogans and catchy jingles played into the hearts and minds of people around the world. Some of the most remembered advertising slogans include: Coupled with these slogans, songs were used to have consumers remember the brand. One of the company’s most popular jingles was known as â€Å"I want to buy the world a coke,† produced in 1971 by Billy Davis. The commercial featuring this song portrayed a world of hope and love produced by a group of multicultural teenagers on top of a hill. This commercial went down in history as one of the most well-known commercials of all time. In addition to Coca-Cola’s advertising efforts, Coca-Cola became the first commercial sponsor of the Olympic Games in Amsterdam in 1928. Coca-Cola continues to be an Olympic Games sponsor today. Coca-Cola has also sponsored many other sporting events such as the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA), National Hockey League (NHL), National Basketball Association (NBA), National Football Association (NFL), Major League Baseball (MLB), NASCAR, and Cricket World Cup. Saylor URL: www.saylor.org/bus208#2.5.6 Product Differentiation Another key factor that has supported Coca Cola’s globalization vision is the company’s ability to customize the product to meet the needs and wants of individual markets. For example, Coca-Cola has been able to tailor its product line to meet the needs of the younger consumer by offering Powerade and flavored Coke products, such as Cherry Coke and Vanilla Coke. Additionally, the company is meeting the needs of the health conscious, older consumer with Diet Coke, Vitamin Water, and Odwalla products. CocaCola has invested significant time and money into researching and understanding different marketing segments based on lifestyle, age, and income in order to accurately develop and market its products. Packaging differentiation has also played a key role in how adaptable the Coca-Cola product is to various market segments. Functional packaging has been used to make the products available in different sizes and forms, including glass and plastic bottles, aluminum cans, and fountain drink dispensers. The company considers various shapes and sizes of the bottles and cans to ensure easy stacking and vending machine dispensing. To promote the company’s commitment to environmental sustainability, all packaging materials are designed to be recyclable and labeled accordingly for easy consumer identification. Technology Technology advances contributed to Coca-Cola’s ability to globalize rapidly throughout the 20th century. Product transportation became more efficient and cost effective with the development of bigger and faster semi-trucks, cargo ships, jet aircraft, and trains. Coca-Cola was able to manufacture and ship products quicker and farther to market segments that were unreachable before these transportation improvements. In addition, technology advances became the driving force behind the ease and speed at which information was available. Distributors and warehouses were able to more accurately track inventory levels and fill order shipments, resulting in lower overall operating costs. Computerization also led to slashed product costs and improved efficiencies. Computerized and automated manufacturing equipment increased the speed and volume in which products were produced. These technological advances enabled Coca Cola to compete on a global scale, selling the well-known brand of products across the world at competitive prices. Summary: Coca-Cola is one of the most well-known brands in the world, operating in over 200 countries. While the global marketplace has presented numerous opportunities for CocaCola, the company has also encountered global attacks on the nutritional value of its products, along with unfair labor practice accusations. Saylor URL: www.saylor.org/bus208#2.5.6 The Saylor Foundation Founded in 1880, Coca-Cola began its journey toward becoming the world’s best and largest beverage company. Coca-Cola’s American iconic logo, brand recognition, convenient packaging, and consistent product manufacturing became the foundation for the company’s plan to expand globally. A pioneer in globalization, Coca-Cola began expanding bottling and manufacturing facilities back in the early 1900’s, establishing key foreign partnerships. Coca-Cola’s marketing strategies, including memorable advertising slogans, catchy jingles, and sporting event sponsorships, played a significant role in winning the hearts and minds of consumers globally. Product differentiation, such as offering different beverages in flexible packaging options, allowed Coca-Cola to customize the product for different market segments. Technology advances, including product transportation, telecommunication, and computerization, became the driving force behind Coca-Cola’s ability to capitalize on the rapidly expanding marketplace across the globe. References: Coca-Cola Company (2012). Wikinvest. Retrieved December 11, 2012. http://www.wikinvest.com/stock/Coca-Cola_Company_(KO)