My Philippine Identity Essay examples -- Personal Narrative, Identity

My Philippine IdentityIdentity is the essence of a person which makes him stand out as an individual. There argon various factors which booster striving and evolve a persons persona, and that is what I write about in the follwing essay. We did not think it mattered Who needed the right car, family lineage, the right education, domestic helpers--basic aloney the right everything? We perceived all of the above as parts of the pretension of the Philippine society, yet it was so easy for us to ignore and dissociate ourselves from it because we were the products of this right term. We could deny the coterie scheme and insult it because we were luckily born into the advantageous class, and we had these right elements accessible to us. If we became tired of the society we could complain about it or excommunicate ourselves, but since we were considered the privileged class we could always return and the level of respect would still be there. We were in a no lose situation in this respec t. The Philippine society consists of hard-hitting class systems which depend, number one, on the family background of a person, then number two, the socioeconomic level. Which family you come from, whether they are in business, in politics, etc. is very important. hatful really look at surnames. If you have a revered surname you get some kind of automatic respect, even if you are not a very kind person. Money also matters but if you have just recently encountered your wealth and you do not belong to the right kind of family, chances are you will be considered nouveau riche. Many of my friends and I used to complain about the materialism of the people, the way we had to act a certain way in bearing of adults, the social obligations, and how on... ...e harmonious relationships. These reminders which are trying to r apiece out to us, so that we may all live together in peace, are extra elements which help push us along the road to better relations. In the end though, people must c ome to terms with racial, societal, or any kind of contrariety in their own time and pace. That is the only instance that they will be able to get their hatred and awkwardness out of their system. In terms of Philippine Filipinos and Fil-Am relations, as of today, I think that the people are ready to accept each former(a). It is now the right timing for them to get to know their missing link--their other Filipino half. The occurrence in Boston University was, I feel, the beginning of a trend that will reach all the Filipinos in the United States, and make each and every Filipino part of one group instead of two groups that do not get along.

What is the Significance of the Heath in Return of the Native? :: English Literature

What is the Significance of the Heath in overhaul of the Native?It is evident right from the beginning that the heathland plays anintegral part in the novel Return of the Native, this is because theopening chapter is exclusively about the heath.The heath assists in creating the feelings of both central charactersand the background heath folk, the beginning chapter is titled A Face onwhich Time makes but little Impression, meaning that Egdon Heath is mless and everybody on it has little significance.The reader gains an insight of the novel and its genre through thefirst chapter, It had a lonely face, suggesting tragicalpossibilities. This aids the reader in identifying that there isgoing to be something tragical in the novel. Hardy is also usingpersonification, which brings the heath to life.In spite of this, the first chapter also does what every other firstchapter in a novel does, it sets the scene. Egdon Heath, as far as thenovel is implicated and the characters inside it, is the world. Theonly time that the novel ever abandons the heath is only brieflybetween pages 253-257 which is the part when Wildeve and Eustacia areat the dance together in Budmouth. It is comprehensible that the heathfolk consider Egdon Heath to be everything when they talk about Parisas if it were a million miles away, like a female monarchs Palace as far asdiments go is the description they use when describing Clyms shop.Hardy also uses the heath as a metaphor for how the central charactersare feeling. On page 206, when Clym moves out of his mothers house,the fir and beech trees are described to be suffering more damagethan during the highest winds of winter the cachexia sap would bleedfor many days to come. We also get an insight to the way Eustacia isfeeling through the storm on the heath on page 345-346, Never washarmony more perfect than that between the chaos of her mind and thechaos of the world without. The brief flowering in the summer time onEgdon heath represents the love between Eustacia and Clym, when itflowered it was beautiful and colourful and sweet, but it soondrooped, dried out and finally died.When Wildeve and Diggory Venn are playing dice on the heath, thecontrast is prominent between human behaviour and nature, Theincongruity between the mens deeds and their environment wasstriking. Hardy is reservation a comment on human nature and its battleagainst nature. The behaviour of the two men is described as almost

Civil War Essay -- American History Civil War

Abraham Lincoln once assertd, A House divided against itself cannot stand. I study this government cannot endure, permanently half slave and half free. I do not expect the house to f every last(predicate). But I do expect it lead cease to be divided. It will become all one thing, or all the other. More than anything else, differing interpretations about the Civil War drove the tip over over the meaning of the Constitution and of the Union.These were, of course, not new issues. Indeed, as Professor Joseph Ellis has noted in Founding Brothers the Revolutionary Generation both had been on the minds of the delegates to Philadelphia in 1787. And, significantly, they were considered so controversial that neither the word slavery nor the word nation appeared in the Constitution. In the late 1800s the Southern states began to slowly secede from the Union on grounds that the federal government was limiting their rights, such as the right to own and regulate slaves, which were at that car tridge clip considered to be property (Monk 208). Slavery was the Souths master(prenominal) reason for secession, among other things. The South also, at that time, chose to remain an agricultural region therefore, it had strong reasons for seeing that slavery, as an institution, continued without limits or interference. At the same time that all of this angst was going on, the Supreme courtyard was being appointed a case that would add even more fuel to the already raging fire. The Dred Scott finish of 1856 gave yet another argument to this long debate about the issue of slavery between the North and the South. The case itself would not have reached the Supreme Court in the first place had it not been for the fact that slavery and its extension into new territories had become such a continu... ...from the beginning. In contemplation of universal virtue and of the Constitution, the Union of these states is perpetual, or everlasting (Lincolns initiative Address). Abraham Lincoln stated in his Inaugural Address of 1860 that, Perpetuity is implied, if not expressed, in the fundamental law of all national governments. It is safe to say that no proper government ever had a provision in its organic law for its own termination (Lincolns Inaugural Address). I agree with Lincolns theory because if the framers created the Constitution with provisions for its own termination, then they would have implied that there would need to be necessary cause for such an action. No Union would create a constitution implying temporary unity (Ward 34). Lincolns words and theory of a perpetual union explains the fundamental statement no state has the right to secede from the Union.

History of aspirin :: essays research papers fc

History Of AspirinAspirin is one of the most commonly used drugs in the world.. For centuries people throughout the world. Aspirin was discovered about 3500 days ago.A collection of 877 medicinal recipes, The Ebers papyrus, before Christ, from the middle of the second millennium had been bought during the last century from an Egyptian street vendor by Georg Ebers, a German Egyptologist Georg. He recommended an infusion of dried myrtle leaves for rheumatic and back pain.More than a thousand years later the father of all doctors, Hippocrates of Kos, prescribed a juice extracted from the bark of the willow tree for labor pains and also for fever and pain. The active substance in this juice, which does in fact ease pain, is what we cheat today as salicylic acid. Being derived from the Latin word for willow, its name gives a clue as to its origin Salix. It is now known that it is precisely salicylic acid that is contained in the myrtle leaves which the Egyptians used to treat and rel ieve pain. Advantages of AspirinAspirin helps relieve pain from headaches and arthritis, and reduces fever from infections. It also reduces inflammation due to illness or injury. The drug interferes with blood clotting, and thus it is useful in preventing heart attacks, strokes, and other disorders that involve blood clots. Disadvantages/Hazards of Aspirin Aspirin is a relatively safe drug when interpreted as recommended. But it can be irritating to the stomach lining and cause some stomach bleeding. A few people, are allergic to acetylsalicylic acid and can become very sick if they take it. Aspirin should not be given to children with chicken pox or influenza. Reyes Syndrome is a serious check over that can be caused if used during the conditions.Related Careers- Dispensing Facilities- Retail Outlets- Institutions- Manufacturing- Pharmacy Technicians Recruiting Firms- Research and Academia- Temporary Placement Firms- Wholesalers/DistributorsEnvironmental IssuesEPA findings conclu ded that groundwater and soil at the range are contaminated with pharmaceuticals. Also, the EPA concluded that people who drink or come in contact with the water from the wells tapping the aquifer may be at risk. The family is required to complete immediate cleanup which includes installation of replacement wells, 22 groundwater monitoring wells and a fiberglass reinforced concrete pad round the tank area to prevent rainwater from seeping into the ground. In addition, vacuum extraction wells will be employed to withdraw carbon tetrachloride from the soil.

The Pleasure Of Meaning :: essays research papers

<a href="http//www.geocities.com/vaksam/">Sam Vaknins Psychology, Philosophy, Economics and Foreign Affairs Web SitesAbstract People often prorogue satisfaction or pleasure with meaning. It is wizard thing to ask "How" (what Science does), another to seek an coiffure to "Why" (a teleological quest in near cases) and still different to contemplate the "What for". For lawsuit people often do something because it gives them pleasure or satisfaction however this does not endow the act with meaning. insignificant things can be and many times, are pleasant and satisfying. A prime example is human games. Games are structured, they are governed by rules and represent the results of negotiations, analysis, synthesis and forecasting. They enrapture and satisfy. Yet, a few get out battle their meaninglessness. Games are useful. They teach and prepare us for real life situations. Sometimes, they bring in their wake fame, status, money, the abilit y to watch the real world. And even this does not polish off them meaningful. It is easy to answer HOW people play games. Specify the rules of the game or observe it long enough, until the rules become apparent and you have the answer. It is easy to answer WHAT FOR do people play games. Pleasure, satisfaction, money, fame, learning, simulating real life experiences in anticipation and preparation for them. But al this does not hold us an inch closer to the answer to the question WHAT IS THE MEANING OF GAMES? For meaning to exist, we must have the following (cumulating) elements A relationship between at least two distinctive (at least part mutually exclusive) entities (space-time is the result of such a relationship) This relationship must manifest itself as the ability to map fundamental parts of the entities unto each other (" authorised" without which the entity is not the same, an identity element) That one of the entities should be larger than the other in some beta sense. One of the entities must be physically bigger, older, more encompassing, mappable to more entities, etc. That there be an interpreter to discern and understand the relationship between the entities (therefore, an "intelligent" interpreter) That such observations would take on the interpreter (potentially) to explain and to predict an important facet of the identity and of the behaviour of one of the entities (usually, in terms of the other, within the context and while using the laws of numeral logic) That the understanding of a "Meaning" will provoke in a human observer an emotional reaction and in a non-human observer, an alteration in its information content and / or in its behaviour The Pleasure Of Meaning essays research papers <a href="http//www.geocities.com/vaksam/">Sam Vaknins Psychology, Philosophy, Economics and Foreign Affairs Web SitesAbstract People often confuse satisfaction or pleasure with meaning. It is one thing to a sk "How" (what Science does), another to seek an answer to "Why" (a teleological quest in most cases) and still different to contemplate the "What for". For instance people often do something because it gives them pleasure or satisfaction however this does not endow the act with meaning. Meaningless things can be and many times, are pleasant and satisfying. A prime example is human games. Games are structured, they are governed by rules and represent the results of negotiations, analysis, synthesis and forecasting. They please and satisfy. Yet, a few will dispute their meaninglessness. Games are useful. They teach and prepare us for real life situations. Sometimes, they bring in their wake fame, status, money, the ability to influence the real world. And even this does not make them meaningful. It is easy to answer HOW people play games. Specify the rules of the game or observe it long enough, until the rules become apparent and you have the answer. It is easy to answer WHAT FOR do people play games. Pleasure, satisfaction, money, fame, learning, simulating real life experiences in anticipation and preparation for them. But al this does not draw us an inch closer to the answer to the question WHAT IS THE MEANING OF GAMES? For meaning to exist, we must have the following (cumulating) elements A relationship between at least two distinctive (at least partially mutually exclusive) entities (space-time is the result of such a relationship) This relationship must manifest itself as the ability to map important parts of the entities unto each other ("Important" without which the entity is not the same, an identity element) That one of the entities should be larger than the other in some important sense. One of the entities must be physically bigger, older, more encompassing, mappable to more entities, etc. That there be an interpreter to discern and understand the relationship between the entities (therefore, an "intelligent& quot interpreter) That such observations would lead the interpreter (potentially) to explain and to predict an important facet of the identity and of the behaviour of one of the entities (usually, in terms of the other, within the context and while using the laws of mathematical logic) That the understanding of a "Meaning" will provoke in a human observer an emotional reaction and in a non-human observer, an alteration in its information content and / or in its behaviour

The Pleasure Of Meaning :: essays research papers

<a href="http//www.geocities.com/vaksam/">Sam Vaknins Psychology, Philosophy, Economics and Foreign Affairs sack SitesAbstract People often postpone satisfaction or pleasure with meaning. It is one thing to ask "How" (what Science does), another to seek an answer to " wherefore" (a teleological quest in close to cases) and still different to contemplate the "What for". For instance people often do something because it gives them pleasure or satisfaction even so this does not endow the act with meaning. nonsense(prenominal) things can be and many times, be pleasant and satisfying. A prime example is human games. Games are structured, they are governed by rules and represent the results of negotiations, analysis, synthesis and forecasting. They amuse and satisfy. Yet, a few will dispute their meaninglessness. Games are useful. They teach and prepare us for real life situations. Sometimes, they cultivate in their wake fame, status, money, the ability to charm the real world. And even this does not make them meaningful. It is easy to answer HOW people play games. Specify the rules of the game or observe it long enough, until the rules become discernible and you have the answer. It is easy to answer WHAT FOR do people play games. Pleasure, satisfaction, money, fame, learning, simulating real life experiences in anticipation and provision for them. But al this does not take us an inch closer to the answer to the question WHAT IS THE MEANING OF GAMES? For meaning to exist, we essential have the following (cumulating) elements A alliance between at least(prenominal) two distinctive (at least partially mutually exclusive) entities (space-time is the result of such a relationship) This relationship must present itself as the ability to map outstanding parts of the entities unto each other ("Important" without which the entity is not the same, an identity element) That one of the entities should be larger than the other in some important sense. One of the entities must be physically bigger, older, more encompassing, mappable to more entities, etc. That there be an interpreter to discern and understand the relationship between the entities (therefore, an "intelligent" interpreter) That such observations would carry the interpreter (potentially) to explain and to predict an important facet of the identity and of the behaviour of one of the entities (usually, in terms of the other, at bottom the context and while using the laws of numeric logic) That the understanding of a "Meaning" will provoke in a human observer an emotional answer and in a non-human observer, an alteration in its information content and / or in its behaviour The Pleasure Of Meaning essays research papers <a href="http//www.geocities.com/vaksam/">Sam Vaknins Psychology, Philosophy, Economics and Foreign Affairs Web SitesAbstract People often confuse satisfaction or pleasure with mea ning. It is one thing to ask "How" (what Science does), another to seek an answer to "Why" (a teleological quest in most cases) and still different to contemplate the "What for". For instance people often do something because it gives them pleasure or satisfaction however this does not endow the act with meaning. Meaningless things can be and many times, are pleasant and satisfying. A prime example is human games. Games are structured, they are governed by rules and represent the results of negotiations, analysis, synthesis and forecasting. They please and satisfy. Yet, a few will dispute their meaninglessness. Games are useful. They teach and prepare us for real life situations. Sometimes, they bring in their wake fame, status, money, the ability to influence the real world. And even this does not make them meaningful. It is easy to answer HOW people play games. Specify the rules of the game or observe it long enough, until the rules become apparent and you have the answer. It is easy to answer WHAT FOR do people play games. Pleasure, satisfaction, money, fame, learning, simulating real life experiences in anticipation and preparation for them. But al this does not draw us an inch closer to the answer to the question WHAT IS THE MEANING OF GAMES? For meaning to exist, we must have the following (cumulating) elements A relationship between at least two distinctive (at least partially mutually exclusive) entities (space-time is the result of such a relationship) This relationship must manifest itself as the ability to map important parts of the entities unto each other ("Important" without which the entity is not the same, an identity element) That one of the entities should be larger than the other in some important sense. One of the entities must be physically bigger, older, more encompassing, mappable to more entities, etc. That there be an interpreter to discern and understand the relationship between the entities (there fore, an "intelligent" interpreter) That such observations would lead the interpreter (potentially) to explain and to predict an important facet of the identity and of the behaviour of one of the entities (usually, in terms of the other, within the context and while using the laws of mathematical logic) That the understanding of a "Meaning" will provoke in a human observer an emotional reaction and in a non-human observer, an alteration in its information content and / or in its behaviour

Contrast the Characters of Agamemnon and Jason Essay

Both Agamemnon and Jason share intrinsic similarities in that they are both the tragic heroes of their plays Aeschylus Agamemnon and Euripides Medea respectively. However, they do not share the same fate. Agamemnon is killed for what he has through, whereas those close to Jason emotionally and politically are killed to spite Jason.Both characters are detested by their wives, but for different reasons. Agamemnon has sacrificed his daughter and Jason has left hand his wife to marry entirely for individualized gain. Agamemnons motives were that he had to fulfil his oath to help the husband of Helen should she ever leave/be taken. His motives were better than Jasons, who left his wife for his own gain. Medea had two sons so he could not justify leaving her because of childlessness. However, Jason has not killed anyone, which Agamemnon has. Also, leaving a wife would not let been uncommon, and so it is not as significant as it would be had the events taken place today.Both characters t hank the gods for their successes. When Agamemnon first arrives on stage he thanks the gods for his victory and safe return home. When Medea challenges Jason and attacks him for what he has done to her, despite all she has done to help him, he claims that although she did do some things, the one who helped him the most was Aphrodite. Both Jason and Agamemnon are either not arrogant or stupid enough not to thank the gods for their achievements.All four parties, Jason, Agamemnon, Medea and Clytemnestra have deceived their counterpart at some point. Agamemnon circularizes for Iphigenia with extinct split uping her or Clytemnestra what he plans to do. Jason does not tell Medea about his marriage to Glauce until afterward it has happened. Medea has to lure Jason into a false sense of security and so apologises to him, telling him he is right and she wrong and that she was angry. This prevents him from suspecting her. Clytemnestra deceives Agamemnon by accept him home. Even Agamemnon thinks she is exaggerating, saying that she is grovelling and that the speech to suit (his) absence, (was) much too long.Both Agamemnon and Jason are insensitive. Neither refers to his wife by name. Agamemnon only refers to Clytemnestra as Ledas daughter. They expect everything they have done to their wives to be ignored and everything to be left without any mention of what they have done. Jason goes as far as saying that Medea should be thanking him when she confronts him. He says that she stand ups in Greece, rather than an uncivilised country, and had also won renown. In saying that he would rather not have gold in (his) house) or the skill to sing a song lovelier than Orpheus sang unless a famous name came with it, he reveals a part of his character.He wants to be famous he wants his name to be known, at the expense of other things. Medea has noticed this. During her argument with Jason she says that it was marriage to a foreigner that you would detract from that spectacular n ame of yours. Jason also shows his insensitivity by claiming that he married Glauce entirely out of his wanting to look after Medea and their sons. He claims that he did this so that they could live comfortably and not go without anything. If there were any good intentions of Jason, he then loses any chance of Medea genuinely agreeing and calming down when he says that he can ensure (his) prosperity by joining (their) two families. This shows that he is prepared to use his family in order to preserve his comfort and wealth, and indicates that Jason can be selfish.The greeting of Agamemnon by Clytemnestra is ironic. Among the first things she says to him is that (their) child is gone and that by all rights (their) child should be (there). She means Iphigenia of course, but covers this up by quickly adding after a pause, Orestes. Later on in the same speech she simply says the sentence Our child is gone. She hints about her anger but covers them up, Agamemnon not specifically referrin g to them.The sympathies of the choir change in both plays. In Medea, the chorus of Corinthian women strongly supports Medea at the beginning of the play, sympathising with her. However, they begin to pity Jason and no longer support Medea when Medea says she is going away to kill her own children to spite Jason. In Agamemnon, the chorus is made up of old men who are too old to fight in Troy. They, if grudgingly, respect Clytemnestra. They respect her plan with the beacons so she would know when Troy had fallen, saying after she told them it was her that it was spoken like a man. However, they lose this respect when they find out that Clytemnestra has killed Agamemnon, their king who they admire for destroying Troy.Because of the action of Jason and Agamemnon, many innocent people are killed. In Agamemnon, Cassandra is killed by Clytemnestra, despite the fact that Cassandra is a captive and had nothing to do with the death of Iphigenia. In Medea, Glauce, Creon and Jason and Medeas sons are killed by Medea. These innocent victims in both plays are certainly not deserving of what happens to them. Because of what Jason and Agamemnon have done to suffer their wives, five people have been needlessly killed.Both Agamemnon and Jason care about their children. In Agamemnon, Clytemnestra says to Agamemnon, you seem startled, upon hearing the intelligence information that Orestes is gone. Additionally, in Euripides Iphigenia in Aulis, Agamemnon tries to send a message to Iphigenia to tell her to return home. When the message fails to get through, he tells Menelaus that he will not kill (his) daughter. After being persuaded to change his mind, realising he has no choice, he is still pained to do it, saying that her hands touch brings swift tears flooding from (his) eyes. Jason, after hearing the news that his sons are dead and during his confrontation with Medea he reveals how he longs to clasp them, to kiss (their) dear lips.What have Medea and Clytemnestra sacrific ed? Clytemnestra has lost a daughter, and this is her sole motivation for killing Agamemnon. Medea, however, has betrayed her family, left her home and killed her own brother to help Jason in every way she can. Jason has abandoned her after she has had two sons when she is in a foreign land with no friends or family to fall back on entirely for his own personal gain. She has then been told she has to leave the country, and she has been forced to flee to another foreign country at some point. Medea is more justified in wanting revenge. She is a far worse position than Clytemnestra, who still lives in her home with friends and family close by in the palace at Mycenae and has a new husband. Medea has also been very poorly thanked for her role in making sure Jason escapes Colchis with the Golden Fleece.

Supply and Demand

Automotive Industry depict and exact Katharyn E. Moore Supply and Demand The motorcar industry has certainly have seen fluctuations in communicate and demand, especially in the last decade. The economic turmoil of the unify States has only been one doer in submit and demand of vehicles. This is evident with employment and income of consumers, interest rates, torpedo prices and the consumers need for more efficient railcars. The demand for more fuel-efficient transportation increments as gas prices rise and the supply for fuel-efficient cars also rises.Manufacturers leave increase the supply of fuel-efficient cars to meet the demand. If the prices of these cars are more than what the consumer is instinctive to pay, the demand lead decrease and inventory of these cars will increase. A decrease in price of the fuel-efficient care will cause the demand to increase and the manufacturer to increase supply at the price the consumer is willing to pay. Equilibrium is the supply a nd demand of fuel-efficient cars will meet at a price that the consumer is willing to pay and the price the manufacture will charge for the car (Colander, 2011).The resources needed for the industry whether it is employees, raw materials, financial and technology affect supply and demand in the automotive industry. These resources are needed to facilitate the making of vehicles and their supply either abundant or scarce will affect the industry. The unavailability of steel in manufacturing of fabricated alloy product decreases the ability to supply the manikin for a vehicle will decrease (Gross output by Industry, 2010). The manufacturer will have to decrease the supply.The limited availability will increase prices of metal and decreases demand for the product at a higher price. If the demand for cars is high, the manufacturer will have to pay the higher cost and forward that increase on to the consumer increasing the price of the car. The consumer may not want the higher cost car and demand for the car will decrease a factor in moving the supply and demand curves of cars. Alternatives in the automobile industry are ongoing as manufacturers are introducing more fuel-efficient cars as well as biofuel (e85) and electric automobile cars.New technology and consumer preference of these alternatives will affect the supply and demand of vehicles. Consumer preference to a more ecological friendly vehicle increases demand and encourages supply increases from the manufacturer. Consumers have the opportunity to help the environment and decrease the usage for gas when renting a vehicle. Enterprise has added electric cars to their rental fleet along with hybrids and fuel-efficient vehicles (Finance News, 2011).The set up in demand for these vehicles will change the demand curve of alternative vehicles. Consumers are the important factor in supply and demand in the automobile industry. Our decisions of a fuel-efficient vehicle and the price we are willing to pay for thes e vehicles influence the supply and demand. We have choices as consumers, and these choices influence competition, pricing, and demand of vehicles available for purchase. The supplier will act accordingly to these demands and make available the supply of product the consumer wants.The demand for vehicles is dependent on pricing, new technology, fuel efficiency, alternative fuels and competition (Colander, 2011). These decisions will increase or decrease the supply and demand curves with these choices. With all of these and other factors the supply and demand curve will increase and decrease as the market changes with these influences. Supply and demand will always be changing as we choose to purchase products and services that we need for our psychological and physiological needs. References Colander (2011). Introduction into Macroeconomics.Macroeconomics (7th Ed. ), Chapter Four, United States McGraw-Hill-Create. Finance News. (2011, October 27). Enterprise Rent-a-Car expands elect ric vehicle fleet. Retrieved October 30, 2011, from Yahoo. com website http//finance. yahoo. com Gross output by Industry. (2010, December 14). Retrieved October 28, 2011, from Bureau of Economic Analysis website http//www. bea. gov U. S. International Trade in goods and services. (2011, October 13). Retrieved October 28, 2011, from U. S. Census Bureau Economic Analysis News website http//www. bea. gov

Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis in the Negro Male

Between 1932 and 1972, the United States Govern handst engaged in a scientific study in which approximately 400 Afro-American men infected with syphilis were diagnosed but left untreated. The Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis was led by the United States Public Health Service (PHS). It took gain of uneducated, poor African-American farmers from Macon County, Alabama.The movie Miss Evers Boys reveals that the Tuskegee Study was conducted by a group of Southern doctors, and tells the story of the 400 African-American men who were the uninstructed subjects of this study, which sought to determine whether untreated syphilis affects African-American men in the same way that it does white men. Further data for the study were to be hoard from autopsies. Although originally projected for completion within six months, the study actually remained in progress for 40 years.At first, these African-Americans were treated for the unhealthiness, but once documentation for the study was cu t, intervention ceased. The study proceeded without informing its subjects that they were no longer being medicated. Miss Evers was told that once the Government realizes that the study has remained in progress, new funds lead be made available within a year. But the study went on for forty years, without the researchers resuming the mens treatment at any point. The men were simply given placebos, then observed. They were even given spinal taps (back shots) to give them the impression that they are receiving treatment.Penicillin became available, but it was not administered to them, partly because of a rumor that it could kill them, but mostly because the researching doctors did not want the studys outcomes jeopardized by this unforeseen variable. Most of the men died, and some went crazy in truth few were alive at the end of the forty-year research period. The eventual finding was that untreated syphilis affects African-Americans and whites alike. The study began with good intent ions. In 1929, prior to its inception, the blood-testing of African-Americans was funded by The Rosenwald cosmos for Black Community Development in the South.These blood tests were intended to locate the presence of syphilis, after which treatment could begin. When it transpired that treating all the infected men would be monetarily unfeasible, Dr. Taliaferro Clark, conductor of the PHS, proposed the study of the effects of untreated syphilis (in its late stages) in the black male. This study was to be an initiative of the Tuskegee Institute in Macon County, Alabama. After Dr. Clark retired in June of 1933, Dr. Raymond Vonderlehr succeeded him as Director of the Division of Venereal Diseases. The true nature of the study had to be kept from the subjects, to ensure their cooperation.Its goal was to discover how syphilis affects blacks as apparent from whitesthe theory being that whites experience more neurological complications from syphilis, whereas blacks are more susceptible to cardiovascular damage. How this knowledge was to be useful in the clinical treatment of syphilis is uncertain. Regulations for using human beings in medical experiments are strict, and require that patients have a full knowledge and clear understanding of the experiments health risks and benefits. Yet the government doctors associated with the study refused even to use the term syphilis. Instead, they misled their subjects by simply informing them that they had bad blood. eventide when penicillin became available in 1947, these men were denied access to it, because its administration would interfere with the findings of the study. Local physicians, draft boards and PHS venereal disease programs were given as information nothing more than a list of subjects. The totally treatment the men received was aspirin and iron supplements. Since none of them had ever had more than a little healthcare, they believed that what they were getting as treatment was very efficacious cure for bad blood.In exchange for taking part in the study, the men received free medical examinations, free hot meals, a credentials signed by the Surgeon General, and a $50 burial stipend. Syphilis is a highly contagious disease caused by the spirochete Treponema Pallidum. Acquired T. Pallidum enters the consistency through skin mucous membranes, usually during sexual contact. Congenital Syphilis (CS) is transmitted to the fetus from the infected mother when the spirochete penetrates the placenta. Syphilis is a systemic disease, attacking tissues throughout the body. After initial penetration, the spirochetes multiply rapidly.First they enter the lymph capillaries, where they are transported to the nearest lymph gland. There they multiply, and are released into the blood stream. Within days the spirochetes intrude on every part of the body. A multi-organ infection, CS whitethorn result in a the neurologic or musculoskeletal handicap, or death, of the fetus when not decently treated. Tren ds in the CS rates of women of childbearing age follow by approximately one year the rates of primary and secondary syphilis. Racial/ heathen minorities continue to be affected disproportionately by CS.No biologic association exists among race and the risk of delivering an infant with CS race serves as a marker of other factors, such as poverty and access to health care, in communities with high syphilis rates (5-7). Individual factors, such as illicit drug use and the wanted status of a pregnancy, also influence the chances of a mother delivering an infant with CS. In acquired syphilis, the organism rapidly penetrates inviolate mucous membranes or microscopic dermal abrasions, and, within a few hours, enters the lymphatics and blood to produce systemic infection.The central nervous system is invaded early in the infection. Examinations demonstrate that there are abnormal findings in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of more than 30% of patients in the secondary stage of the infection . In the first 5-10 years of contracting the infection, its principal involvement is with the meninges and blood watercrafts, resulting in meningovascular neurosyphilis. Later, the parenchyma of the brain and spinal cord are damaged, resulting in parenchymatous neurosyphilis. Three stages mark the progression of the disease primary, secondary and tertiary.The primary stage commences 10-60 days after infection. Lesions usually appear at the point of contact, which is typically the genitals. After that, a painless, somewhat raised unit of ammunition ulcer appears. This chancre may be so small that it goes undetected. Leading into the secondary stage, the chancre will heal within 30-60 days without any treatment, leaving a chump that can remain for months. The secondary stage lasts from approximately 6 weeks to 6 months. During this time, a rash similar to measles or chicken pox appears on the skin. Fever, indigestion and headaches may accompany the rash.Bones and joints may be painf ul, and cardiac palpitations may also develop. In some moorings, highly infectious, spirochete-laden ulcers may appear in the mouth. Scalp hair may drop out in patches, creating a moth-eaten appearance. Syphilis in the tertiary stage manifests as gummy or rubbery tumors on the skin, which is the result of spirochete concentration in body tissue. These sores band together into large, encrusted ulcers that consist s of several layers of dry matter. Tumors may also attack and weaken the walls of heart or blood vessels.Heart valves may no longer open and close properly, resulting in leakage. The stretching vessel walls may produce an aortic aneurysm, a balloon-like bulge. If the bulge bursts, as often is the case, the result is sudden death (Pyle). Many factors declare the destructive Tuskegee experiment wrong, disregarding of whether it contributed to the fight against syphilis. There were 28 deaths directly attributable to the syphilis experiments, 100 deaths due to the complication s of the disease, 40 wives of experiment subjects were infected by the disease, and 19 children were born with innate(p) syphilis.Risks have to be taken in science for the sake of advancement, and risks always have some negative consequences. But scientific experimentation on batch selected on the basis of their skin color and social class, then kept ignorant of their condition and its danger to themselves and to others, and misled to believe that they are receiving curative treatment, is nothing pithy of a conspiratorial act of pure evil. The Tuskeegee experiment went on until 1972, close to thirty years after penicillin was discovered during the forties. Syphilis, the deadly bacterium Treponema pallidum, had reached epidemic proportions in the past.Science should strive to make the world a better environment to live in. It is to be applauded when its research efforts make vast strikes to this end. But in the case of the Tuskegee Study, the wrong done in the name of scientific research far outweighs the right. This study made victims of its subjects, and of people connected with them, knowingly and unnecessarily. It wantonly lied to the subjects who had volunteered in good faith, first by refusing to disclose the exact nature of the medical condition, then by pretending to them that they were receiving curative treatment, then again y deny the apt curative treatment that became available. This study sought out African-American men who had been infected by syphilis, then proceeded to treat them like purpose-serving injected lab rats. Even after the whistle was blown in 1972, in a Washington Star article by Jean Heller, the public health service remained unrepentant, pressure that the men had freely volunteered to become the subjects of the study. An Alabama state health official even tried to make light of Hellers revelation of double-dyed(a) abuse and deception People are making a mountain out of a molehill. Science is a necessary part of life. But for its great achievements, mankind would still be in the Dark Ages. However, pursuit of the advancement of scientific knowledge must never cross the well-marked line between that which is necessary, and that which is cruel and unnecessary. The Tuskegee syphilis experiment did cross that line, and that besmirched scientific research and the integrity even of its ethical practitioners. Work cited Pyle, Kevin C. Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment. Available at http//www. dreamscape. com/morgana/adrastea. htm.

Write a Properly Referenced Essay on the Treatment and Management of a Patient with Corns

This essay will discuss the different types of corns. This requires looking at the possible causes, sermon and attention of a patient with corns. According to SMAE build (2012), the different types of corns include Heloma Molle ( frail corn), Heloma Durum (hard corn), vascular and neuro-vascular helomata. Hard corns are described by Carlson et al (2004), as thick hardened patches of dead skin and are a result from repeated pressure or friction occurring underneath the foot, on top of the little toes, or the outer side of the little toe. Badly fitted shoes may contribute to this as they rub onto the demesne causing friction.Hyperkeratosis is described by the SMAE Institute (2012), as the thickening process of the skin, a protective response due to the area becoming over stimulated due to pressure or friction. Hogan (2012), describes squeezable corns as being softer due to moisture in between the toes and more commonly found in between the fourth and fifth toes. According to Gol dman (2011), the soft corn consists of a ring of hardened skin and has no nucleus. Treatment should be carried out by a professional such as a podiatrist or a foot health practitioner and requires the gentle removal of the outer ring using a scalpel.The application of astringent or powder to close the pores, reduce sweating and an application of Benzoin compound can be used to harden the skin. The patient should be given advice on appropriate footwear and the use of a gel toe separator to avoid the toes from rubbing together. The SMAE Institute (2012) state the hard corn normally occurs on top of the toes and contains a nucleus. Treatment should include disinfecting the foot and the gentle removal of the thickened skin and the nucleus. A padded dressing should be applied to the area to alleviate pressure and the patient should be advised on suitable footwear.If there are any mechanical causes these should be identified and corrective orthotic devices should be prescribed. As descri bed by The SMAE Institute (2012), the treatment for vascular and neuro-vascular helomata requires enucleation with a scalpel. If this is not successful then silver nitrate or salicylic acid may be used to soften the area and eradicate the heloma. It may take several attempts to be destroyed. If a corn is left untreated it may wrick ulcerated and as a result may become infected.This will need draining if it contains liquid or pus and/or a parentage of antibiotics from the General Practitioner may be required. To conclude this essay it is important that an initial assessment is carried out by a podiatrist or health foot practitioner to determine the cause of the problem, so that early treatment can be given to prevent further discomfort. Once the initial treatment is given by the practitioner, regular visits should be maintained and home care advice adhered to. This will maintain the feet in a healthy condition.ReferencesThe SMAE Institute, (2012), Module 6, The Skin, Available www. opencollege.podiatry.com. lastly accessed 7th January 2013 Carlson J.K, Eisenstat, A.S, Ziporyn D.T (2004).The New Harvard Guide to Womens Health. USA President and Fellows of Harvard College. 38. Hogan. (2012).treatment.Available Hogan (2012), available from Medscape.com/article/1089807-treatment. Last accessed 7th February 2013. Goldman C. (2011).corns.Available Goldman C. (2011), available from weblink www.footpad.co.uk . Last accessed tertiary february 2013Bibliography Emedicine.medscape.com/article/1089807-treatment, (accessed 30/8/2012)www.webmd.com/treatments/calluses-and-corns-treatment-overv(accessed 30/8/2012) www.feet for life.org, (accessed 31/08/2012)www.epodiatry.com/corns-callus.htlm, (accessed 09/02/2013)

My Home by Dr. Jose Rizal Essay

I had nine sisters and one brother.My father,a model of fathers,had given us an education in proportion to our modest means.By dint of frugality,he was able to course a stone house,to buy another,and to raise a small nipa hut in the midst of a grove we had,under the shede of banana and other trees. there the delicious atis displayed its delicate fruit and lowered its branches as if to save me the trouble of reachich out for them.The sweet santol,the scented and mellow tampoy,the pink makopa vied for my favor.Father away,the plum tree,the harsh nevertheless flavorous casuy,and the beatiful tamarind pleased the eye as much as they delighted the palate.Here the papaya streatched out its broad leaves and tempted the birds with its enermous fruitthere the nangka,the coffee,and the orangeness trees perfumed the air with the aroma of their flowers.On this side the iba,the balimbing,the pomegrante with its abundant foliage and its lovely flowers bewitched the senseswhile here and there r ose elegant and majestic trees smashed with huge nuts,swaying thier proud tops and gracefull baranches,queens of the forests.I should never end were I to number all our trees and amuse my self in identifying them. In the twilight unfathomable birds gathered from every where and I,a child of three years at most,amused my self watching them with wonder and joy.The yellow kuliawan,the maya in all the varieties,the kulae,the Maria kapra,the martin,all the species of pipit fall in the pleasant harmony and raised in varied chorus a farewell hymn to the sun as it vanished behind the tall mountains of my town. Then the clouds,through a capris of nature,combined in a thousand shapes,which would suddenly dissolve even as those charming days were also to dissolve,living me only the slightest recollections.Even now,when I look out of the windowpane of our house at the splendid panorama of twilight,thoughts that arelong since gone renew themselves with nostalgic eagerness.Came then the night to unfold her mantle,somber at times,for all its stars,when the chaise Diana failed to coures trought the sky in pursuit of her brother Apollo.But when she appeared,a vague brightness was to be dis-cerned in the cloudsthen seemingly they would crumbleand little she was to be seen,lovely,grave,and silent,rising like an immense globe which an occult and omnipotent hand drew through space. At such times my mother gathered us all together to say the rosary.Afterward we would go to the azotea or to some window from where the moon could be seen,and my ayah would tell us stories,sometimeslugubrious and at other times gay.In which skeletons and buried treasures and trees that bloomed with diamonds were mingled in confusion,all of them born on an imagination wholly Oriental.Sometimes she told us that men lived on the moon,or that the markings which we could percieve on it were nothing else than a woman who was forever weaving.

The Situation of Fdi in Vietnam

The situation of FDI in Vietnam Inflow of FDI In 1987, Vietnam for the first time issued its ever first Law of FDI. Despite its relative suddenly history, Vietnam has managed to attract a substantial amount of FDI. In relative term, Vietnam has been quite successful as compared with other countries, ranking the third recipient in the ASEAN pic Firgure 1 FDI Inflow into Vietnam during 2000-2010 (source GSO) Figure 1 shows the overall trend of FDI inflows in Vietnam for period 2000-2010.Together with the number of investment projects, the amount of registered neat for licensed projects were stagnant in the stern first years of 20th century which is generally referred to as the circumstance of World Crisis period in Vietnam. Beginning the year2004, the amount of registered capital had a pledge of developing and the registered capital peaked in the 2008 and dropped sharply subsequently when many multinational companies did not want to share their limited little capital as well as to focus on capital to reform their domestic enterprises seriously impact on Vietnamese economy.This phenomenon is most apparent in young 2008 and early 2009. Also, due to the influence of the financial crisis and the contraction of the credit markets, transnational companies are affected more or less. In 2008, merger and acquisition plans of transnational companies has declined 35%, down sharply from 2008. According to recently released statistics report of the Foreign Investment Agency also said that the implementation of FDI capital in 2011 is estimated at $ 11 billion, with the implementation of 2010 and contributed 25. 9% of the total investment of the whole society.Do not complete the plan (the plan is $ 11. 5 billion). Although only 74% compared to 2010, but this emblem is encouraging in the context of global economic and domestic difficulties. The amount of registered capital ontogenesisd by $ 3. 1 billion, 1. 65 times the registered capital increase in 2010 (1. 89 billion U SD). This shows that foreign investors remain positive reviews about business and investment environment in Vietnam. FDI made in 2011 is estimated at $ 11 billion, equivalent to 2010 and contributed 25. 9% of the total investment of the whole society. 2. 2 Sectoral distribution of FDI dining table 1 Number of projects Total registered capital( MilImplementation capital (Mil USD) USD) Total 14998 229913. 7 88945. 5 1988 37 341. 7 1989 67 525. 1990 107 735. 0 1991 152 1291. 5 328. 8 1992 196 2208. 5 574. 9 1993 274 3037. 4 1017. 1994 372 4188. 4 2040. 6 1995 415 6937. 2 2556. 0 1996 372 10164. 1 2714. 0 1997 349 5590. 7 3115. 0 1998 285 5099. 2367. 4 1999 327 2565. 4 2334. 9 2000 391 2838. 9 2413. 5 2001 555 3142. 8 2450. 5 2002 808 2998. 8 2591. 2003 791 3191. 2 2650. 0 2004 811 4547. 6 2852. 5 2005 970 6839. 8 3308. 8 2006 987 12004. 0 4100. 1 2007 1544 21347. 8030. 0 2008 1557 71726. 0 11500. 0 2009 1208 23107. 3 10000. 0 2010 1237 19886. 1 11000. 0 P rel. 2011 1186 15598. 1 11000. 0 Table 2 Number of Total registered capital( projects Mil USD) TOTAL 13440 199078. 9 Agriculture, forestry and fishing 495 3264. 5 Mining and quarrying 71 3015. Manufacturing 7661 94675. 8 Electricity, gas, stream and air conditioning cut 72 7391. 6 Water supply, sewerage, waste management and remediation 27 2401. 9 activities Construction 852 10324. Wholesale and retail trade Repair of motor vehicles and 690 2119. 1 motorcycles Transporation and storage 321 3256. 8 Accommodation and food service activities 319 10523. 3 Information and communication 736 5709. Fiancial, banking and insurance activities 75 1321. 6 Real estate activities 377 48155. 9 Professional, scientific and technical activities 1162 976. 1 Administrative and support service activities 107 188. 0 Education and trainning 154 359. Human health and social work activities 76 1081. 9 Arts, entertainment and amusement 131 3602. 6 Other activities 114 711. 5 Table1 shows the total of foreign direct investment in each year from 1988 to early 2011 by the number of projects, the amount of registered capital and the amount of implemented capital for period 1988-2011.Table 2 gives further detailed segmentation by subsectors and by time period. As can be seen in the Table 1, the majorities of FDI inflows in Vietnam are into manufacturing in terms of the number of project register capital and implemented capital as well. Table 1, with its detailed breakdown by smaller economic sectors and by time period provides a much richer picture of the trend of FDI into Vietnam. First, within the manufacturing, while during the early part of 1990s, the volume of FDI inflows were in oil and mining sector, by the end of the last century and early this century, light and heavy industry sectors dominate the field. Further, while FDI in market-gardening were marginal in the 1990s, now this sector account for a significant share in the total FDI both in t erms of the number of projects and registered/implemented capital In the service sector, while getting smaller in relative terms, the hotel and tourism sector still remain significant. An important point is that is that in the early history of FDI, there was no FDI in many important service sectors such the construction of industrial zones, office, apartment, now these sectors start attracting significant voice of FDI inflows. 3. . Regional distribution of FDI pic According to official statistics by the Government Statistical Office (GSO) and the Ministry of Planning and Investment (MPI), all sixty four provinces in Vietnam piddle received FDI. However, the distributions of FDI across provinces are very much uneven. As shown in Figure 3, the South East region (covering Ho chi Minh city and its skirt provinces account for the largest share of FDI. In the North, Hanoi and neighboring provinces account for the send largest share of FDI, leaving a very small proportion for other reg ions.This physical body is due to the fact that Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh city are the two main economic hubs of the country. The concentration of FDI in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh has been attributed to the increased cost of living and doing business in the two cities. This has led to a tendency that foreign investors are looking elsewhere for the investment location. In addition, the local governments in these provinces have now realized the importance of FDI and are actively attracting inward FDI in their respective regions/provinces. 2. 4 Country of origin Table 3 Number of Projects Total registered capital ( Mil USD) TOTAL 13440 199078. 9 Of which Japan 1555 24381. Korea Rep. of 2960 23695. 9 Taiwan 2223 23638. 5 Singapore 1008 22960. 2 British virgin Islands 503 15456. 0 Hong Kong SAR (China) 658 11311. Malaysia 398 11074. 7 United States 609 10431. 6 Cayman Islands 53 7501. 8 Thailand 274 5853. 3 Netherlands 160 5817. Brunei 123 4844 . 1 Canada 114 4666. 2 China, PR 833 4338. 4 France 343 3020. 5 Samoa 90 2989. United Kingdom 152 2678. 2 Cyprus 11 2357. 9 Switzerland 87 1994. 6 Luxembourg 22 1498. 8 Australia 261 1316. British West Indies 6 987. 0 Fed. Russian 77 919. 1 F. R Germany 177 900. 2 Denmark 92 621. 5 Finland 7 335. The Philippines 61 302. 3 India 61 233. 8 Mauritius 34 229. 2 Indonesia 30 219. 7 Bermuda 5 211. Italy 40 191. 9 Slovakia 4 147. 9 Cook Islands 3 142. 0 United Arab Emirates 4 128. 4 Chanel Islands 15 114. Bahama 3 108. 6 Belgium 40 106. 7 Norway 28 102. 4 Poland 9 98. 7 New Zealand 18 76. Sweden 28 71. 7 Table 3 documents the distribution of FDI by investors in Vietnam. The spend ten foreign investors account for around 80 percent of the total investment in terms of the number of projects, the total investment capital and the registered capital. As can be seen in the Table, the inward FDI in Vietn am was and still is dominated by regional investors. Investors from the Asian region account for 67 percent.Although, the US is a late comer to Vietnam, the inward investment inflow has increased significantly since 2001 after the conclusion of the Bilateral Trade Agreement (Parker et al 2005). For the European investors as a whole, the number of projects account for only about 10 percent, the total investment capital 15 percent and the register capital 20 percent. References http//www. gso. gov. vn/default_en. aspx? tabid=491 www. gso. gov. vn/default_en. aspx? tabid=491 https//www. google. com. vn/

Imagine you are Candy lying in bed, unable to sleep at the end of the day Essay

Lying on my bunk bed in my barn I stared at the wooden ceiling finished by brown boards joint together. The brown boards were filled with deep cracks, wea on that pointd and old, reminding me of my aged, ailing, sheep traverse who was infested with rheumatism. As I thought of him, I unconsciously plunged into a deep depression and waves of emotions swept over me. My eyes blurred with tears as I thought of my old dog. over again and again, I tried to fall asleep, tossing and turning on the bed, but the task seemed unattainable. I leaned up and turned my face to the window, staring out at the ill crescent moon which shone like a sil genuinely claw as well as the blanket of stars that stretched to infinity, and let an audible sigh.Today was a very disheartening day for me. I return never felt as despondent and fatigue before. Not only was my heart filled with sorrow, it was filled with pangs of guilt. I had allowed Carlson to shoot my own dog beano, which I had own since he was a p uppy. keno was innocent, and had done nothing wrong. Although he was diseased with rheumatism, did that give Carlson the right to butcher Bingo? Was it right to do that? Bingo was not just a dog to me he was like a friend, a best friend.We spent umpteen cherished and unforgettable moments together, including herding sheep together. He was my long life companion, and without him, life would never be as complete as it used to be. Even though Bingo was now toothless, foul smelling, brittle with age and would never run as fast as my herd sheep like he did when he was younger, my cut for him remained unchanged. I valued all of the elation and devotion that my once splendid dog had brought to me in my life. Did I make the right choice?I could not underwrite why nobody understood me. Did Slim and Carlson really think that another dog could substitute Bingo? Did they not have some(prenominal) feelings for Bingo? Bingo was one of a kind, and nothing would be able to supplant him. Now t hat Bingo was gone, life feels so empty and insecure. Being a faithful dog Bingo was, he used to follow me eachwhere. Bingo was there during my ups and downs. Even though he was incapable of speaking, it was as if his eyes were able to communicate every single thought of his. The sound of the gunshot played repeatedly in my mind. I knew that my companion did have limited time left in his life, and that he would pass away eventually even if it were not for the advance killing of Bingo.However, tears started rolling down my cheeks as I pondered over whether the shot had caused any pain for Bingo. Though Carlson promised that the shot would not hurt Bingo in anyway, I could not restrain myself from thinking intimately it. I would rather have taken care of Bingo than cause any pain for him, even if it might be a burden. Then again, I thought through about the fact that it might have been better that Bingo died, because it might be better to terminate his life since he was in so much p ain. I started regretting about letting Carlson kill Bingo, instead of killing the dog himself. I realized the responsibility to kill my own dog.Im sorry. I love you, and I would never forget you I whispered. Calming myself down, I started envisaging what he had discussed with George and Lennie, the two new workers, about our dream sign, visualizing and fascinating at the inspiration of how our house would be like after we manage to buy it and started to feel much more relieved. Ripples of excitement burst through me as I thought of how our incoming house would be like, and I became even more determined to chip in $350 to buy the house. My final decision was made I would chip in to buy the house.Thinking of Lennie, I recalled being so astonished that he and Curly gotten into such a big charge up. I had never seen Curly that furious before. Lennie had stood rooted to the ground helplessly not knowing what to do, receiving all the punches by Curly, staring and requesting George fo r help. He could not make the decision for himself and only after George told him to fight back did I truly realize how strong Lennie was. I had never imagined him being capable of grabbing onto ones hand especially till there would be a need for him to be sent to see the doctor. I started wondering how Lennie was feeling, and hoped that he was not regretting it too much. Lennie most probably did not hatch to do that deliberately. Nonetheless, I prayed that Curly was healthy and that nothing serious had come over him.

Of Mice and Men’ is a novel about people Essay

Of Mice and Men is a refreshing about people. Are t here(predicate) overly many cripples, misfits and unusual temperaments in the impertinent to consider Steinbecks portrayal as true carriage?Steinbecks unexampled is based on ordinary people during the Ameri dirty dog Depression. Steinbeck has an apprehensiveness of how migratory players were and how it was as he had his childhood in California near Salinas V wholeey. During the distributor point in which the novel was wrote was written migrant subject fielders went from spreadhead to ranch working for money never really having a secure job as new technology in machinery make it cheaper to harvest crops.This introduces the devil main mentions George and Lennie, migrant workers, who do non fit into 1930s guild. The novel based is on uses that represent different walks of life during the block illustrating the American culture. Steinbeck portrays the American culture in a condensed version occurring only on a ranch, maneuvering the grisly truces of the society, when the novel was writtenIn Steinbecks novel the character edulcorate is a man who has asleep(p) past his prime of his life. He has a stumped hand and in that respectfore he is too maimed to be working in the fields, he can be seen as a cripple in the novel. The impression of this is that he has menial job as a swamper. To represent the fears of prison term Steinbeck saves about sweeten universe worried about getting the can as a result of his unimportance on the ranch, and this is shown when Steinbeck wroteI aint often good with ony hand. I lost my hand right here on this ranch. Thats why they give me a job swampinThis arouses that the job was only assumption to confect out of sympathy. Furthermore Candy saying I aint much good shows his sensation of his own status, being worthless to the ranch. Candy represents the time-honored sector that exists in each society, at the time the novel was written work was very scarc e and if people were employed they would gravel to work backbreaking to say in work. Candy as an aged person is on his last job, because if he loses it no one else will crawfish out him on. This is his major fear throughout the novel and Steinbeck portrays the aged migrant worker as a pathetic man with only a traverse to celebrate him company. Steinbeck writesCandy looked a long time at Slim to try and find some reversalThe above statement suggests that Candy has no authority with the other workers on the ranch and needs Slim to assist him this shows Candy, as a cripple, has no respect from the other characters, which is a portrayal of true life during the American Depression. With the dog eat dog world of the period skill, strength, intelligence, age and skin colour affected authority. Candy has a spay of attitude by and by hearing about the fantasy soon after his dog was thrust, Steinbeck choosing to write the dream being heard by Candy at this point in the novel when t he character had lost everything that was important, gives the cripple hope for the future as his past (with his dog) is finished. Sadly the dog is a image of his possible future, the fate of the aged.In a time of mass unemployment and the fear of loneliness compels Candy to lock himself onto a belief to persevere in the harsh lonely world and this gives Candy the renewed confidence. Steinbeck shows the change of Candys attitude after he hears about the dream,Candy joined the attempt with joy Glove fulla Vaseline, he said disgustedly.This quote enhances the change in the character of Candy, as earlier he did not say anything in general conversation between the workers and at this point he was important. The verb attack shows Candys aggression against Curley, who has a higher status than Candy and is more important to the running of the ranch and is the bosses son, not a cripple and stronger. The adjective disgustedly in the quote shows that Candy is sickened by Curley and Curle ys attitude to others and Candy himself. This shows Candy is more than a cripple in the story, but now a character who needs an image of a better future for himself with no worries. The dream of getting a ranch of their own is the need for some security can be comp atomic number 18d as a pension in a modern view. Once Candy has this security in the dream Steinbeck enhances the character making him bolder, and his character comes out from the shell of an old cripple.In chapter two Steinbeck introduces the proof ref to the character of Crooks. The distinguish Crooks is not used for him at the start of the novel and it is only later on that he is called Crooks. The label used for him are derogatory labels including stable buck, nigger and Crooks. Throughout the whole novel the reader never finds out the characters real name, which adds to the effectiveness of the character being a misfit. Steinbeck enhances the root word of Crooks being a misfit when he writesThey let the nigger come in. Little skinner name of Smitty took after the nigger. Done pretty good, tooThis depicts that the other characters do not see Crooks a real valet de chambre being but as an object of entertainment. Steinbeck conveys how a black man fits into the society of the period through racism. Crooks is a misfit in the novel because of his skin colour and his physical appearance, because of this he is segregated from the other workers on the ranch. This can be shown by They let the nigger come in this implies that the others do not expect to be around him and that it is an important event when he does. The above quote can also suggest that Crooks wants to be sociable with the others and the word let suggests that the character has tried before. His injury to his back illustrates to the reader that he can be put into a category with Candy, as a cripple. The connection between the two is deeper than them both rent a disability.Steinbeck brings them both together in chapter 4 at the sta rt of the novel when he writes Yeah. Nice fella, too. Candy is shown to support a high regards and respect for him Steinbeck puts them in the same situation in the novel. Candy and Crooks as cripples both need to belong to something as there is always the scourge of getting the can or a similar consequence to of Candys dog. One may bring forward that Steinbeck was trying to portray a bridge across racism in the period with a albumen man and black man wanting the same dream.As Crooks changes his view in the novel from being a defensive one to felling some hope about the dream too. At first Crooks attitude to little piece of land in his head is an objectionable because society has do him pessimistic and spiteful to any sign of others having some dream of happiness knowing that he can not have any because of race. However when he hears about the money he is more exculpated and suggests he wants to be apart of it, this can be shown when Steinbeck wroteIf you guys would want a ha nd to work for nothing- just his keepThis quotes conveys Crooks hope in the dream and he wants to be apart of it to be secure and interact as an equal. The reader learns a valuable lesson from Crooks and Steinbeck portrays it effectively that society is in the wrong not that the characters. Steinbeck illustrates Crooks as being a proud son of a bitch with his tidy room but this does not make just a misfit or a cripple but he has humanity with all other blacks. Thats why a lot of time is devoted to him in the novel, his role is equally important to the favorable statement made by Steinbeck.The end of this key chapter with Crooks in, chapter 4, unhappily ends how it began with Crooks rubbing medical specialty into his back, this is a powerful message put across to the audience which may evoke the reader to prize that society will not change unless we change society. Crooks had briefly gained some respect from other white males and had hope for the future, but it is when this happ ens that a women shattered his hopes, this would be terrible to Crooks because women were thought to be lower and weaker than men, so being put downwards by Curleys wife made him worth nothing, just interchangeable during the beginning of this chapter.A character that is, in essence, unusual is Curleys Wife. She is unusual because she is the only female character who speaks in this novel. Steinbecks portrayal of women in this novel is not in a good light, given that the men go to a brothel. Women typically represented as objects of sexual nature not as partners or equals but as. Curleys Wife is unusual in a way that she is the only women on a ranch full of men going around dressed to seduce, this can be shown inShe had full, rouged lips and wide-spaced eyes, heavily made up. Her fingernails were red.Steinbeck suggests that she is trouble by all the red in the description, with red transport up connotations of danger. The red also can connote seduction. Steinbecks character has a habit of facial expression for her husband which can suggest that she is lonely and is constantly seeking attention from the other men, another dry land for dressing up seductively is to conceal her loneliness, Steinbeck includes her in the novel to portray the American housewife, wanting to be something more than a housewife. This was typical during this period of social change with Hollywood and women becoming celebrities, which is exciting compared to a life on the ranch. Steinbeck effectively portrays this inHe says he was gonna put me in the movies. Says I was a natural.This implies to the reader that she wanted something more to her life than to be stuck on a ranch. This however makes her a misfit on the ranch in the novel because of her wanting a different dream to come true, but during that period people were fascinated about celebrities so the character of Curleys Wife can represent the womens fence during the American Depression. We learn from the novel that society duri ng that period was male orientated and that women were beginning to have their own dreams other than finding a good man to marry.Throughout the whole novel the reader is aware of Lennie being a misfit in the novel. When the reader is first introduced to this character his physical description suggests that he is misfit large pale eyes can connote the lack of intelligence, giving the superstar of subdued expression, the adjective large agrees with the stature of Lennie, though the adjective pale implies the soullessness of him. The other characters in the novel who are misfits, unusual characters or cripples have a physical or emotional problem but Lennie as one of the lead characters is different with an intelligence problem this engages the readers sympathy as Lennie is every child same. Steinbeck writes about the childlike behaviour of Lennie inLennie was still smiling with delight at the memory of the ranchThis quote depicts Lennies lack of social skills, like a child, which ge ts the character into a trouble that wouldnt have really happened in the novel if the character was not a misfit, such as what happened in Weed where he stroked the womens dress not knowing that he was doing something wrong and ended up being outcast and hunted. Steinbecks 1930s society is not tolerant of Lennie and his disability to handle a difficult social problem. Society when this novel was written is not an understanding one and Steinbeck dramatically portrays this by the fight in the novel.Steinbeck shows the reader during that period people acted too rash and unsympathetic, and Steinbeck with this novel wants people to take notice of society and for it to be more tolerant to misfits, cripples and in a sense unusual characters. Steinbeck leaves the endpoint of Lennie at a moderately neutral point of view this lets one make up ones mind to know that its a tragedy. On one side that it is a tragedy that Steinbecks characters have no acknowledgment of Lennie killing Curleys Wife by accident and that he has no understanding of ending and his own strength. On the other side some readers may believe that Lennie should be shot because he killed a human, even with his lack of intelligence it still make him a danger to society. Steinbeck writes his death in the place where Lennie suits best throughout the whole novel, in natureSuddenly Lennie appeared out of the brush, and he came as silently as a creeping bear moves.This quote implies that Lennie suited the environment that he was in, and the metaphor a creeping bear moves is a powerful one. In addition, it conveys the character to be virtually part of nature and if he was never meant for society. As a result of this, the reader may think it is less of a tragedy as Lennie dies where he belongs.Steinbeck portrays the purpose of Lennies character of being the character that allows people to have a dream. Lennie is the one to console in and not to put down people, because he has no real understanding of how the world works. Candy and Crooks benefit from having time with Lennie as Candy has someone to have words too furthermore ensuring Candy a no opposition to joining the dream, which may not have occurred if Lennie was not a misfit to society. Crooks has someone to talk to without no prejudice as it because of Lennie being unintelligent, he did not understand the concept of racism. Lastly, Lennie ensured Curleys Wife finally got someone to talk to in the novel. Steinbecks misfit Lennieshows the flaws in society that needs to be exposed in true life. If there were more people like Lennie on the ranch (society) there would be more empathy towards others and their feelings and there wouldnt be feelings of superiority other one another.George and Lennie have a friendship that is not typical of the period in which the novel was set. Two men travelling around together and working together was unheard of, the American Depression saw people distant themselves from each other. With no security, m en chose not to self-confidence each other. Steinbeck depicts this effectively throughout the whole novel. This birth is not typical of the era, Steinbeck shows this when he writesGuys like us, that work on the ranches, are the loneliest guys in the world. They got no family. They dont belong no place.This illustrates the stereotype of the migrant worker making this unusual relationship out of place in the novel and Steinbeck wanted to show this by the effects of their relationship upon the characters. The relationship being not of true life has a sense of inevitable doom to it. Steinbeck depicts the relationship to draw other characters to it so that they can belong even though the friendship creates suspicion inHe hooked his thumbs in his belt and squinted one eye virtually closedThis expresses to the reader the Boss had never seen it before and that thinks it trouble, with squinted one eye the verb creates suspicion. This clearly emphasis the idea, that the relationship sparks the plot with eventually, Lennie killing Curleys Wife. Perhaps Steinbeck shows this because he is making a social statement on the period where people just can not trust in one another or be emotionally close to each other, with out anything going wrong. George and Lennies relationship shows one how much empathy and understanding one man can have in another. Against everyone being antagonistic to the relationship George stuck by Lennie until he could no more. Steinbecks characters have a friendship that is destroyed by the attitudes in society of the period.In conclusion to this essay, Steinbeck has wrote misfits, unusual characters and cripples in Of Mice and Men to show the faults and prejudices during the 1930s American depression, in which the novel was written. Steinbecks characters portray different aspects to the life in the period. Crooks represents the life of a black man having to struggle through life being worth nothing because of skin colour, whilst Curleys Wife repres ents how a women struggles in a male dominant society, the male dominant society being the ranch itself.Candy symbolises the aged in the period, being old is being useless and unwanted. Though the novel has misfits, unusual characters and cripples they would not have as much affect if they were not contrast to the more stereotypical characters of the period. Curley and Carlson show the reader the mere(a) and lonely lives migrant workers had. The contrast has a bigger and more meaningful social statement made by Steinbeck. The writer effectively shows this at the end of the novel.Now what the hell ya suppose is eatin them two guys?This enhances the social statement made by Steinbeck, with Slim consoling George but the other more usual characters, Curley and Carlson, not coming together after the whole plot Steinbeck keeps them apart and socially distant, unaware of the situation George is in. the novel is also concluded within the novel where the image of the water snake an the hero n. The whole novel is summarised, with the tranquillity to the heron snatching the water snake. Steinbeck implies this animal image that humans in a society live like animals and how that we have not evolved to be more tolerable of peoples differences the consequence of this is Lennies death. Steinbeck conveys marvellously that this will keep transpiring as the heron returns to the pool to catch another water snake.

Joyce Carol Oates`s Short Story Essay

The narration Where are you going, where suck in you been? is a story nearly a girl slightly fifteen old age of age and having behavioral problem originated from her poor kin with her mother. She is described in the story as stubborn, rebellious, self-centered, and vane. The story is a tale of insecure woman and romantic but a proficient flirt and she is drawn in a situation where she could not handle. Connies relation with her family and the way she thinks of them leavens they were not close.Connie seemed to lament the way her mother would treat her and her older sister June to the point that she wished her mother was executed and she herself was dead and it was all over. She lamented to her friends, She makes me want to be thrown up some times. Connie at fifteen still has girlish behavior perhaps typical for youth woman like her, showing petty concern with menage works as her mind was all filled with trashy day dreams. Connies behavior though seemed to be very selfis h as she cares only of her looks and her own happiness as if she was her own world.She is slight interested in family relationship as she would rather go with her friends than going with her family, or prefer to scarcely listen to music. Her behavior is quite a little less to be described as a spoiled brat. She seemed to lack positive traits particularly family values. There might have some reasons for these. First, her mother seemed to show favoritism as she is often compared to her older sister. Her ways and action are viewed as un-acceptable without considering that she is only fifteen and surely needs guidance. Her mother can only appreciate the simple or maybe to the highest degree naive orientation of her older sister June.Second, her father does not care of them, as when he comes home, he only cares for the supper, newspaper and his bed. There seems to have no legitimate authority except her mothers voice always scolding her which to her, she had a high breathless, amused, voice that made everything she said a little forced. The way Connie thinks of her self shows that she was not positively motivated to have a more meaningful first moment in life which at her age, she suppose to have already. Her mind is full of fantasies about someone she meets and the whim that comes along with it.Her relations with her family have not helped or motivated her toward having a more mature position and outlook in life. John Updikes Emphasis on Marriage relates to larger American issues. In other words, do you think the marriages he portrays result from certain social conditions typical of the U. S.? The sassy Separating was about a couple who had lived together for quite long years, a couple with four young children who seemed to be aware of how their parents relation ships are going on over some years of the married life.Richard and Joan had been married for quite long years already as they have four young children who were all in school and seemed to have capa bility of understanding the situation which their family faces. The novel did not extension exactly why Richard and Joans marriage come to that point that it was not working well for distributively other any more except that they felt they no longer love each other. Richard seemed to further short of saying that all those years of living together under one roof was adept pretensions which was merely for the sake of the children.But now the situation has grown worse that requires him to make decision to regularize an end with all these pretentious relation ships. Certainly, Richards wants to be happy. He might have thought it, he deserve happiness and this is now just the right time to reveal the situation to their children. So he announced that adult news while all the kids were gathered at the table for the post pleasant celebration of his daughter Judiths arrival from England. As he revealed his decision, his children seemed to be prepared to hear the bad news as they have not shown hysterical or any strong reaction.Richard must have thought that they understood the situation that everything will come this way which separating would just be the best option. That their pop music will leave them to find his happiness in the comforts of another woman which he has already found. Richard feels comforted by the mild reactions of his children as if they had accepted it that the family which they found warm embrace, comforts when they are hurts or having problems, love, care, safety, affection, and shared laughter that only intact family can provide, now stand to break up.But ass the mild reaction and seemingly prepared feelings, as Richard bent to kiss his son good bye, turn and with wet chicks embraced him and gave him a kiss, on the lips, passionate as woman, and in his fathers ear as he moaned one word, the crucial intelligent word why? John Updike has powerfully related his novel to larger American social issues affecting the society by emphasizing th e consequence of divorce among children and their family that cares for them.Updike in like manner strongly demonstrated the emotional struggles, and the pains the children suffer when their parents come to a point of making a decision of separating. Updike was also able to point out that children are innocent of their parents problems and they are victims because their parents instead of cultivating their relationship opted to find their happiness in the comforts of another. Work Cited Updike, John. Separating American Since Mid-Century Updike, John. Where are You Going, Where Have You Been? American since Mid-Century

Abstract on Marketing Intelligence System for a Media Company

grocery storeing Intelligence Database Management at Manipal Media Network Limited A project by * Abhishek Gupta * Aishwarya Shetty * Nikhil Modi * Nikita Patel * Pritish Prabhu * Rahul Dara * Reshma R * Rishi Gupta * Sudip Ray * Vaibhav Goswami OVERVIEW OF MMNL Manipal Media Network Limited is a subsidiary of Manipal Group which special(a)izes in printing and proceedss. Udayavani, the flagship publication of the MMNL is a leading no.chalant Kannada invigoratedspaper. Its subscriptions reach most cities of Karnataka including Mangalore, Bangalore and Gulbarga.Its first issue was in 1971 and it continues to grow daily reaching more than 300,000 houses. BUSINESS STRATEGY MMNL has always tried to maintain the values of its shareholders and nodes against its competition. MMNL strives to be a Multi-media Corporation, making its presence felt across several platforms including print, e-papers among others delivering local spick-and-spans and entertainment solutions. IT STRATEGY The dodge of the IT aggroup of MMNL is consistently aligned with the over all dodge of the beau monde.This is d champion by the higher management who confide that IT plays an integral part in proving a competitive advantage. The IT team has endured MMNL with various solutions onwards of its time such as iTunes first Kannada Application, the first Kannada news information Android App and has entered into partnerships with media leaders such as Yahoo and Newshunt. The IT team has also ensured that MMNL is a leader in delivering news on online platforms such as Android, IOS and Web. Along with this, it has certain internal MIS agreements and also worked hand in hand with companies like 4CPlus for successful ERP implementations in numerous athletic fields.By implementing Market Intelligence Database System which allow for assistance us in storing the info in a incorporate format and providing management with quality information which bequeath give them a better insight for competent decision making. Strategic concurrence Model * Alignment of business and IT dodging * The overall business strategy of MMNL is to be a multi media corporation with presence across platforms delivering hyper local news and entertainment solutions. The IT team whole works in alignment with this overall strategy and strives to provide cutting edge technology solutions that are ahead in time, however keeping the cost aspect in perspective. Some of the results of their effort is ITunes first Kannada App, set-back Kannada News App on Android, Partnership with global leaders like Yahoo and Newshunt. Since m whatsoever readers today view nettle to internet and spend a lot of time on it, the industry feels that there qualification be a shift from traditional newspaper to online platforms. * However, this should take a decades time or so. MMNL be a leader in coastal in Karnataka sees this as an opportunity to be leader on online platforms as well like Android, IOS, Web. Ali gnment of business and IT capabilities * In order to align the business capabilities with IT capabilities, we abide provided a suggestion to use IT capabilities in order to improve business touches and using IT tools to promote customer loyalty. The commercializeing intelligence placement proposed by us is a step towards accomplishing this objective. * Alignment of business strategy and business capabilities * In order to align the business strategy with business capabilities, social architecture tools digest be formulated.The existing resources and capabilities should be encompassingy utilized in order to implement the business strategy. * rearing and motivating the workforce and incentivizing the workforce on successful completion of strategic objectives and goals are the means towards achieving it. * Alignment of IT strategy and IT capabilities * When it comes to internal strategy, the IT team has developed internal MIS organization and also engaged with an external menta l representation for ERP implementation which has been d one(a) successfully in many areas.This proves that the current IT capabilities are quite robust and undersurface be further utilized to drive business growth. * Alignment of IT strategy and capabilities tail assembly be achieved by having a cross-functional team of managers with expertise is IT knowledge and business knowledge so as to leverage the full potential of its IT capabilities. COMPETITION The major competitors to Udayavani are Prajavani, Vijay Karnataka, Kannada Prabha, Sanjevani among others. This leads to major emphasis being placed on collect and use of market intelligence as the competition is cut throat.MARKET INTELLIGENCE Marketing Intelligence includes perfunctory information relevant to a fellowship, collate and analyze the obtained information for subsequent decision making in determining market opportunities, jeopardizes and strategies. The system is to be designed for example by the management of th e fraternity and thunder mug be viewed by all the employees of the social club. This specifically enables the management to see current key performance factors in real time and analyze trends, rather than wait for analysts to deliver periodic reports.Market Intelligence is a subset of line of reasoning Intelligence which is a set of methodologies, processes, architectures, and technologies that transform raw info into meaningful and useful information. training conference Market related info reaches the phoner done various sources. The lower level of the organisation consists of executives and trainees who enforce distributors on a daily basis. The sources of information could be by a connection employees or special agents and the mode of information is mainly by dint of phone calls, SMS, email or through other market sources.The bulk of the information is however gathered by these lower level executives from the distributors and hawkers usually during the early hours o f the morning. The information consists of competitors strategies with respect to * Advertising space, * Insertions of pamphlets, * Change of content in existing publications (page design) * Emergence of new newspapers (VRL publication) * Distributors margins * Expansion by competitors in new territories * Subscription rateManipal Institute of Communication conducts yearly market research on behalf of MMNL which gives them insight into the new trends and expectations from customers and distributors. STORAGE OF DATA MMNL presently maintains individual excel sheets for each of its competitors. The assistant managers are tasked with collating and compiling the data given to them by the executives. This data is maintained according to * Date and division * Edition * Geographic area and edition * Source of information and context * Findings * Employee entering data and * Employee validating the dataThe data is validated through multiple sources in different regions and also through cross verification. Example Data collected in Mangalore testament be cross checked with similar repeating data from Udupi and Manipal. Due to such different sources, data comes in various formats, due to which collation of data is actually difficult. Also, it is difficult to comprehend this data and bringing it into a common platform whitethorn distort it. Since information is non properly structured, it may get distorted while sharing between various departments and its interpretation could be different by different people.PROBLEM The problem faced by MMNL is on three levels. 1. Lack of structure- Data reaching the company is unstructured and in fragmented form. It makes the data difficult to comprehend. Since data is of strategic importance, it could have high usurpation on companys future strategy or decision. 2. Transfer of data The data leakage during the transfer of data is the biggest problem faced by MMNL. The executives at the lower level who pass the data to the manager ial level use their discretion and pass the data what they feel is important instead of all the data gathered.This leads to loss of data which may turn out to be important. 3. Accessibility MMNL has data of the chivalric 8-9 years which is stored using excel sheets. A separate excel sheet is maintained for every company. Whenever the company has to check some data it has to go through all the files which is a cumbersome process. 4. Acceptance When a new system is implemented people may not be ready to accept it. They may be anxious to the highest degree what the kind may lead to. RECOMMENDATIONS Few options that are present to speak the issue of data leakage faced by MMNL are 1.Toll-free number The company can rent a toll free number on which the executives volition call and/or SMS the data which provideing be recorded through an automated system. If this is implemented the executives depart not have to take unneeded efforts to pass on the data to their managers which i n turn it depart minimize any data leakage. The be associated are * BSNL follow is Rs. 1. 60/minute. * Initial Cost Rs. 13000 (Rs. jet0 refundable) * Fixed monthly cost Rs. 1000 * Tata Cost is Rs. 2. 39/minute * Initial Cost Rs. 30000 (Rs. 25000 refundable) Fixed monthly cost Rs. 3000 * Reliance Cost is Rs. 2. 20/minute * Initial Cost Rs 13000 (Rs. 10000 refundable) * Fixed monthly cost Depends on usage 2. Incentives Keeping the existing system of personally reporting the data to managers in place, incentives can be provided sporadically based on quantity and quality of data. This will ensure that executives are encouraged to pass on every piece of available information. If the toll-free system is implemented by MMNL then it can provide incentives to executives who report the data.The problem of unreliable data will not arise as the data will be validated from sources in different regions. 3. Training and schooling MMNL can perform training and development programs which are imperative to mould the staff in accordance with the companys strategy. A companys sales force is very crucial for the intelligence gathering activity as they can provide excellent data about the current trends in the market. They are also a very credible source for acquiring confidential data about competitors, consumers, suppliers etc.For sales force outside Manipal and Udupi, a trainer can be made to tour different parts of the country. 4. Network Externally In order to keep a tab on its competitors, measures should be taken to track how competitors are performing. For this, get the competitors products, checking their advertising campaigns, the press media coverage, reading their published reports, etc can be done. This process is called Competitive intelligence which is the broader field of operation of researching, analyzing and formulating data and information from the entire competitive environment of any organization. . Collect Competitive Intelligence through custom er feedback Customer feedback is an important aspect for any company as it is the customer who purchases the product. Online platforms like prattle rooms, blogs, discussion forums, customer review boards etc can be used to generate customer feedback. This enables the company to actualize its customers view about the product. For this, a structured system can be use by the company to obtain the relevant data. Manipal Institute of Communications does yearly surveys to find out ever-changing customer perceptions regarding MMNL. . For the issue of accessibility MMNL can implement a database. * The centralised database will be in the following format * The basic cost for a database system is around Rs. 1. 5 lakhs but depending on the different features needed by MMNL the cost can vary. * The database form can be opened at any time by the employees. A static link will be provided. * Our centralized database system will be decided into 2 main categories * intimate Data * External Data * Internal Data * The employees can enter the intelligence acquired on internal matters in this section. The data entered here will be like delivery problems, supply chain problems etc. * There will be a form asking them what are the issues and the department it relates to. * External Data * This section will again be divided into 2 parts * Competitor data * Advertising Data * Competitor Data * In this form the employee will have to enter intelligence pertaining to * Name of the company * News Acquired * Source of News * Advertising Data * In this form the employee will have to enter intelligence pertaining to * Name of the company * News Acquired Source of News * The database will also have a verification code. * Every employee will be given a unique code which he has to enter before submitting the intelligence data. * This will secure the database and will also eliminate the possibility of anyone entering data wrongly under the charge of any other person. * The problem of accepta nce can be addressed in the following air a) Involvement of employees (i) Executives Involving them in regards to the various incentives on offer will uphold reduce the anxiety to change this will also help in building loyalty. ii) Employees The employees can be involved through inputs about the functions needed by them in the database system. b) Workshops MMNL can conduct workshops in the initial months after the implementation of the database system and the toll free number. * Representation through GRIDS QUICK WIN SUSTAINABILITY RISK IMPLEMENTATION RISK still IDEA NEW SYSTEM at MMNL SIZE OF OPPORTUNITY ABILITY TO EXECUTE (PG. NO. 34, CHAPTER 1,CORPORATE INFORMATION & STRATEGY MANAGEMENT) MMNL has a very good track record in implementation of new expert systems.Whenever the company has implemented a new technology system the implementation took place glitch free. The company has implemented Kannada news app on android and also it has tie-ups with Yahoo and Newshunt. The compa ny is also in the process of implementing an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system. The implementation of this is going smoothly. This leads us to believe that ability to execute a new system will be high at MMNL and thus the new system will fall in sustainability risk. But, whenever a new IT system is implemented there is always an implementation risk ecause there might be social and technological problems. Social problems which can arise are that employees may be anxious about the new system. They may be anxious about the fact whether they will be able to use that system properly or not and if not then will they be fired from their jobs. Technological problems that may arise are compatibility problems with the legacy systems and maintenance problems. Thus, we say that the new system will be in the implementation risk of the strategic grid. PROBABLE IMPACT ON STRATEGY PROBABLE IMPACT ON BUSINESS OPERATIONSCurrent business office Position after implementation (pg. no. 37,chapte r 1,Corporate Information & Strategy Management) The marketing intelligence gathered from various sources is currently passed around in the king informally through Word of Mouth and excel sheets. This leads to the data being fragmented, lost and getting distorted. As a result of this it is not accessible to everyone and does not provide the correct point of view. Due to this overlook of accessibility, management is not able to take any timely strategic decisions.This also does not help the company much in its business operations. We can say that current system of MMNL is in the buy at quadrant of the McFarlans Grid. This is because the system does not impact the business operations as well as its strategic decisions. After the Marketing Intelligence database system is implemented, the data will be stored in one centralized location. This will help in easy accessibility of the data. The company officials can then access this data at anytime and use it to take strategic decisions.S ince the data is about competitors and the market which will help in taking important strategic decisions. The implementation of the system will not lead to any change in the business operations of the company. Thus, the system, once implemented should move from the current support position to the TURNAROUND quadrant of the McFarlans Grid. * BENEFITS FROM DATABASE Implementation of Market Intelligence Database System at MMNL will not lead to any tangible benefits as the decisions taken by management on the market intelligence acquired cannot be known at the moment.The implementation of the system at MMNL will only lead to nonphysical benefits. The benefits that arise will be 1. The data will all be present in one place which will help the management to take better decisions. 2. The company employees will save a lot of time if the data is present in one place with options of search. 3. It will give company a competitive advantage as very few media networks have such a system present at the moment. 4. The storage of data will help the company in making a wide database which can be used for analytics in the future.